• Contact Us
    • Send Feedback
    • Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Conference Documents
    • Conference Documents
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Conference Documents
    • Conference Documents
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    Whole Repository
    CollectionsIssue DateRegionCountryHubAffiliationAuthorsTitlesSubject
    This Sub-collection
    Issue DateRegionCountryHubAffiliationAuthorsTitlesSubject

    My Account

    Login

    Welcome to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Repository

    What would you like to view today?

    Technical and institutional options for sorghum grain mold management and the potential for impact on the poor

    Thumbnail
    Date
    2000
    Author
    Hall, A.
    Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit
    Chandrashekar, A.
    Shewry, P.
    Bandyopadhyay, A.J.
    Chandrashekar, R.
    Type
    Conference Paper
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    The introduction of photoperiod-insensitive, short-and medium-duration, high-yielding rainy season (kharif) sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) hybrids in India more than 20 years ago has led to dramatic increases in grain yield (from 587 kg ha -1 in 1970 to 1407 kg ha -1 in 1996). This was accompanied by high levels of adoption (80% of rainy season crops) by farmers in the major sorghum-growing state of Maharashtra. Despite this achievement, hybrid rainy season sorghum grains suffer from infection and colonization by several fungi towards the end of the growing season, often associated with late rains. This infection results in grain mold often referred to as "blackening". There is little doubt that in its broadest sense grain mold constitutes one of the most important biotic constraints to sorghum improvement and production worldwide (Frederiksen et al. 1982; Louvel and Arnoud 1984; ICRISAT 1987). Certain grain mold pathogens have repeatedly been associated with losses in seed mass (Castor and Frederiksen 1980; Hepperly et al. 1982), grain density (Castor 1981; Ibrahim et al. 1985), and percent germination (Castor 1981). Other types of damage that arise from grain mold relate to storage quality (Hodges et al. 1999), food and feed processing quality, and market value. Several mold fungi are producers of potent mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health and productivity. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India has estimated US$ 130 million as total losses due to grain mold in the semi-arid tropical areas of Asia and Africa (ICRISAT 1992). The poverty implications of grain mold are associated with loss of access to food, exposure to health risks through contaminated food, and income losses through lower prices. While the cause, scope, and implications of the problem are clear, what possible avenues are open to address this problem? On the whole results have not been promising. Several approaches to control grain mold have been attempted. These include fungicidal control and integrating adjustments to sowing dates with high-yielding and relatively less susceptible hybrids (Forbes et. 2000. Technical and institutional options for sorghum grain mold management and the potential for impact on the poor: overview and recommendations. Pages 7-33 in Technical and institutional options for sorghum grain mold management: proceedings of an international consultation, 18-19 May 2000, ICRISAT, Patancheru, India (Chandrashekar, A., Bandyopadhyay, R., and Hall, A.J., eds.). Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. (PDF) Technical and Institutional Options for Sorghum Grain Mold Management and the Potential for Impact on the Poor: Overview and Recommendations. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268059259_Technical_and_Institutional_Options_for_Sorghum_Grain_Mold_Management_and_the_Potential_for_Impact_on_the_Poor_Overview_and_Recommendations [accessed Sep 03 2018].
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/5349
    IITA Subjects
    Plant Breeding; Plant Production; Smallholder Farmers; Grain Legumes; Food Security
    Agrovoc Terms
    Yields; Hybrids; Farmers; Sorghum; Foods
    Regions
    Acp; Asia; Africa; Europe; South Asia; West Africa
    Countries
    United Kingdom; India; Nigeria
    Collections
    • Conference Documents594
    copyright © 2019  IITASpace. All rights reserved.
    IITA | Open Access Repository