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Now showing items 241-260 of 977
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Vectors of virus and mycoplasma diseases: an overview
(1990)Many virus diseases of plants and probably all diseases caused by mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) are transmitted by insect vectors. In this review the vector insect groups of viruses and MLOs on tropical food legumes are discussed. An overview is given quoting examples of the relations between the vector and the virus or MLO. -
Morphology and tuber characteristics
(1994) -
Issues in onfarm experimentation at Gandajika, Zaire
(1991)Farming systems research (FSR) at Gandajika, Zaire, is conducted by the national Legume Program (Programme National Legumineuses-PNL), which is part of the Applied Research and Extension Project (Projet de Recherche Agronomique Appliquee et Vulgarisation-RAV) of the department of Agriculture of Zaïre. RAV has a mandate for crop improvement. FSR and extension in cassava, maize and four grain legume crops. -
Fertilizer management strategies for legume based croping systems in the West African semiarid tropics
(1991)A major constraint the smallholder farmer faces in the West African semi-arid tropics (WASAT) is the low productivity of soils, which is often combined with land and labor shortage, caused in part by low productivity of labor, lack of cash resources, and limited access to credit. Groundnut and cowpea are two of the predominant grain legumes in the WASAT; they are important components of the mainly cereal-based cropping system, the most important cereals being pearl millet and sorghum. Production ... -
Cassava germplasm strategies for Africa
(1991)The types of germplasm needed for the different agroecological zones where cassava is grown are outlined briefly in terms of what the main supplier (South America) has to offer. Africa's Atlantic coastal belt, its tropical rain forests, its extensive savannas, and the arid zones are examined in relation to similar zones in South America, with particular emphasis on Brazil, which alone can meet most African needs thanks to the diversity of its edaphoclimatic environments. The topic of genetic erosion ... -
Cowpea striga problems and research in Nigeria
(1991)Brief mention of research into the infestation of cowpeas by Striga gesnerioides conducted by staff of the Botany Department of the University of Nigeria at Nsukka is followed by more extensive discussion of work on this host-parasite relationship conducted at the Institute of Agricultural Research at Samaru. Investigations at the Institute have covered the following aspects: symptoms of infection and the extent of yield losses in Nigeria, screening for resistance under field conditions, the ... -
The chemical properties of acid soils with emphasis on soils of the humid tropics
(1991)This paper does not present an exhaustive review of the properties of acid soils. Rather, emphasis is placed on three topics, viz. soil pH, exchange properties, and sulfate sorption, with bias towards the author’s experience with soils from the world humid tropical region. The discussion on pH and exchange properties centers around the selection of laboratory methods, which should give relevant information about field conditions, and about the application of this knowledge to soil management. ... -
Breeding maize for striga tolerance and the development of a field infestation technique
(1991)Parasitic weed, Striga spp infect million hectares of arable land in Africa and become a major threat to food production in the continent S.hermonthica is a predominant species and causes the highest damage Maize (Zea mays L.) is very susceptible to Striga IITA scientists initiated Striga research on maize in 1982. Resistant sources were discovered in 1983 from IITA inbreds and hybrids which were tested at Mokwa in Nigeria. Most of the resistant materials were originated from the U.S. Corn Belt. ... -
Combating striga in Africa
(1991)Information on current progress in the refinement of screening techniques identification of resistant germplasm and breeding lines and assessment of crop losses due to striga attack is presented. A new laboratory-cum-pot steel mesh roll technique which permits interaction of stimulants with soil was developed and found effective in differentiating low from high stimulant-producing sorghum lines. Results correlated well with those from field screening of breeding lines for striga resistance.