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Application of molecular marker-assisted selection in breeding for improved farmer/market preferred cassava varieties in Tanzania

dc.contributor.authorKullaya, A.
dc.contributor.authorMkamilo, G.S.
dc.contributor.authorMtunda, K.
dc.contributor.authorKulembeka, H.P.
dc.contributor.authorMasumba, E.
dc.contributor.authorMarandu, E.
dc.contributor.authorKanju, E.
dc.contributor.authorFerguson, M.
dc.contributor.authorOspina, C.
dc.contributor.authorMarin, E.J.
dc.contributor.authorSantos, L.G.
dc.contributor.authorBarrera, E.
dc.contributor.authorMorante, N.
dc.contributor.authorCeballos, H.
dc.contributor.authorJarvis, A.
dc.contributor.authorTohme, Joseph M.
dc.contributor.authorFregene, M.
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-04T11:11:01Z
dc.date.available2019-12-04T11:11:01Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.identifier.citationKullaya, A., Mkamilo, G., Mtunda, K., Kulembeka, H., Masumba, E., Marandu, E., ... & Fregene, M. (2010). Application of molecular marker-assisted selection in breeding for improved farmer/market preferred cassava varieties in Tanzania. In: Proceedings of 10th ISTRC-AB symposium in Mozambique: root and tuber crops for poverty alleviation through science and technology for sustainable development, 8-12 October, Maputo, (p. 324-331).
dc.identifier.isbn99951-60-00-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/2329
dc.description.abstractTanzania is the fifth largest producer of cassava in Africa, the eighth largest producer in the world with an estimated average yields of about 10.4 t/ha, which is far below the potential yield of the crop. The low yield is caused by a number of factors including susceptibility of commonly grown varieties to major diseases and pests including susceptibility of local varieties to major diseases and pests such as cassava mosaic diseases (CMD), caused principally by East African Cassava Mosaic Virus (EACMV), its Ugandan variant (UgV), and African Cassava Mosaic virus (ACMV), Cassava Brown Streak Disease (CBSD), Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), Cassava Green Mite (CGM) and Cassava Mealy Bug (CMB). A project entitled, ‘Molecular Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) and Farmer Participatory Improvement of Cassava Germplasm for Farmer/Market Preferred Traits in Tanzania’ was initiated to speed up the process of improving local cassava germplasm for resistance to pests and diseases in Tanzania. Improved genotypes with resistance to CMD, CGM, and CBB were introduced to Tanzania in 2003 from the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) Colombia and crossed with susceptible, farmer preferred varieties from the Eastern and Southern zone of Tanzania. A total of 26,590 F1 genotypes were obtained, of which 13,320.were from controlled crosses and the remaining from open pollination. The F1 genotypes were phenotypically evaluated for CMD resistance under high disease pressure at Chambezi Experimental Station in Tanzania; and at 6 six months after planting (MAP) 18,017 plants were surviving in the field, of which 11,606 were from controlled pollination and 6,411 from open pollination. About one third of the plants (6,000) did not show any CMD, CGM and CBSD symptoms. These were then subjected to marker assisted selection using four molecular markers associated with resistance to CMD, namely RME1, RME4, NS158 and NS169. The MAS results revealed that the percentage of individuals having marker alleles associated with CMD2 for 2 markers ranged between 69.8 and 89.5% in the controlled crosses and 69.1 and 83.8 in the open pollinated crosses. The results showed that 80% of all individuals selected as resistant using phenotypic evaluation were found to be resistant by MAS. This suggests that broad sense heritability for CMD resistance at the Chambezi Station during the first year evaluation was about 0.8. Although Chambezi is a very high CMD intensity site, MAS could still increase selection efficiency for CMD resistance by 20%.
dc.description.sponsorshipRockefeller Foundation
dc.format.extent324-331
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
dc.subjectCassava
dc.subjectAfrican Cassava Mosaic Virus
dc.subjectDiseases
dc.subjectMolecular Marker
dc.subjectBreeding
dc.titleApplication of molecular marker-assisted selection in breeding for improved farmer/market preferred cassava varieties in Tanzania
dc.typeConference Paper
dc.description.versionPeer Review
cg.contributor.affiliationMikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationKibaha Sugar cane Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationUkiriguru Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationNaliendele Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationMaruku Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEast Africa
cg.coverage.countryTanzania
cg.creator.identifierHernan Ceballos: 0000-0002-8744-7918
cg.creator.identifierEdward Kanju: 0000-0002-0413-1302
cg.creator.identifierJoe Tohme: 0000-0003-2765-7101
cg.creator.identifierAndy Jarvis: 0000-0001-6543-0798
cg.creator.identifierLuis Guillermo Santos Meléndez: 0000-0001-7093-1271
cg.creator.identifierMorag Ferguson: 0000-0002-7763-5173
cg.creator.identifierJoe Tohme: 0000-0003-2765-7101
cg.creator.identifierAndy Jarvis: 0000-0001-6543-0798
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectCassava
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Diseases
cg.howpublishedFormally Published
cg.publicationplaceIbadan, Nigeria
cg.accessibilitystatusLimited Access
local.dspaceid92061
cg.targetaudienceScientists


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