Journal and Journal Articles: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1741-1760 of 5273

    • Simulation model of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in rural maize stores in the Republic of Benin 

      Meikle, W.G.; Holst, N.; Scholz, D.; Markham, R.H. (1998)
      . A distributed-delay, demographic simulation model of Prostephanus tnmcatus (Horn) populations in rural maize (Zea mays L.) stores was developed and validated. Developmental and mortality parameters for eggs, larvae, and pupae, and the life span and fecundity data for adult insects, were estimated from published data and from laboratory experiments. The overall phenology of the simulated beetle dynamics reflected that of field data, although the model output tended to overestimate beetle population ...

    • TM3x: triploid black sigatoka resistant Musa hybrid germplasm 

      Ortiz, R.; Vuylsteke, D.; Crouch, H.; Crouch, J. (1998)

    • Mineral N dynamics in bare and cropped Leucaena leucocephala and Dactyladenia barteri alley cropping systems after the addition of 15Nlabelled leaf residues 

      Vanlauwe, Bernard; Diels, J.; Duchateau, L.; Sanginga, N.; Merckx, R. (1998)
      In tropical cropping systems with few external imputs, efficient management of mineral N derived from added organic residues is essential for the proper functioning of the system. We studied the dynamics of mineral Nitroden (N) in the top 100 cm of soil with a system tensiometers and suction cups after applying 15N-labelled Leucaena Leucocephala and Dactyladenia bacteria residues to bare and cropped microplots installed in the respective alley cropping systems, and folloed the fate of the N for ...

    • Evaluation of yam host-plant response to rootknot nematodes in Uganda 

      Mudiope, J.; Speijer, P.R.; Maslen, N.R.; Adipala, E. (1998)
      A field trial was established at Sendusu. 40 km north of Kampala. Uganda, to evaluate the response of yarn lines, developed by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), to nematode infestation. The field was naturally infested with nematodes and plants were established from tissue culture. Harvested yam tubers were infested mainly with Meloidogyne javanica and, to a lesser extent, with Pralylenchus spp.; Scutonel/onema sp., Rolylenchulus sp. and HelicOlylenchus sp. were round ...

    • BITA3: a starchy banana with partial resistance to black sigatoka and tolerance to streak virus 

      Ortiz, R.; Vuylsteke, D. (1998)

    • Combining ability for yield and plant phenology in plantain derived populations 

      Tenkouano, T.; Ortiz, R.; Vuylsteke, D. (1998)
      Genetic enhancement of Musa spp. has aimed at producing hybrids with high yield, short stature, fast crop cycling, and disease resistance through interspecific and interploidy crosses. Progeny testing for parental selection has seldom been carried out in Musa and little is known on combining ability and heterosis in this species. A 5 _ 5 factorial mating design was used to estimate components of phenotypic variance in 4x-2x hybrid populations and to determine the combining ability of their progenitors ...

    • Tillage and mulching effects on physical properties of a tropical alfisol 

      Franzen, H.; Ehlers, W. (1994)
      The mechanization of field operations like seeding, spraying and harvesting in continuous zero-tillage may lead to a severe compaction of the surface layer of coarse textured tropical soils, especially when mulch is sparse or missing. Therefore, a 2 year (1982–1984) field experiment was initiated on an Alfisol in Nigeria to study the effect of tillage, mechanization and mulch on soil structure and physical properties. Three zero-tillage treatments and a plough treatment were compared. The disk-plough ...

    • Longterm effects of land clearing methods, tillage systemsand cropping systems on surface soil properties of a tropical Alfisol in S. W. Nigeria 

      Hulugalle, N. (1994)
      The long‐term effects of land clearing methods (manual, shear blade, tree‐pusher/root‐rake combination, traditional), tillage systems (disc ploughing, mechanized no‐tillage, traditional) and cropping systems (annual cropping, alley cropping, graxed pasture) on surface soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated on an Alfisol in south‐western Nigeria ten years after land clearing. Long‐term soil physical degradation was greatest after mechanized land clearing or tillage systems. The erosion ...

    • Priority setting in research for sustainable land use: the case of Adja Plateau, Benin 

      Koudokpon , V.; Brouwers, J.; Versteeg, M.; Budelman, A. (1994)
      The Projet Recherche Appliquée en Milieu Réel is situated on the Adja Plateau, Southwest Benin. The project is responsible for a FSR&D programme that aims at sustainable use of the so-calledTerres de barre. Technologies tested in this context include seasonal fallowing, usingMucuna pruriens cv. group Utilis (weed control, green manure), planted fallows using fast-growing species such asAcacia auriculiformis and hedgerow intercropping systems (various woody auxiliary species). In this paper the ...

    • Potential of imazaquin seed treatment for control of Stiga gesnerioides and Alectra vogeliii in cowpea (Viigna unguiculata) 

      Berner, D.K.; Awad, A.E.; Aigbokhan, E. (1994)
      The herbicide imazaquin was tested for efficacy in striga gesnerioides and Alectra vogelii control when applied as a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seed treatment. Four sets of experiments were conducted in the laboratory and screenhouse. Two cowpea cultivar, three geographical isolates of S. gesnerioides from two hosts, and two geographical isolates of A. vogeli from two hosts were used. Preliminary experiments indicated cowpea seed treatments of 5-min duration in aqueous solutions of the ammonium ...

    • Responses of maize, sorghum and millet host plants infestation by Striga hemonthica 

      Kim, S.K.; Akintunde, A.; Walker, P. (1994)
      Twelve samples of Striga hermonthica seed were collected from four host crops [millet (4), sorghum (4), a sorghum/millet intercrop (3) and maize (1)] from all the main areas of S. hermonthica infestation in Nigeria and were tested on eight genotypes of three test crops [maize (4), sorghum (2) and millet (2)] in two screenhouse trials. Plants of each test genotype were sown in pots and heavily infested with S. hermonthica. Emergence count of the parasite, test crop damage rating (1–9), and test ...

    • Changes in surface soil properties of a notilled tropical Alfisol due to intercropping maize, cassava and egusi melon 

      Hulugalle, N.; Ezumah, H.C.; Leyman, T. (1994)
      Changes in earthworm activity, water runoff, soil erosion, soil physical properties and fertility, and crop growth and yield caused by intercropping either maize (Zea mays L.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (MC) or maize, cassava and 'egusi' melon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) (MCM) on no-tilled and handhoe-tilled plots were studied in an Alfisol in southwestern Nigeria. Runoff and erosion in no-tilled plots were negligible and were not affected by cropping system. Similarly, soil compaction ...

    • Changes in soil properties of a newly cleared Ultisol due to establishment of hedgerow species in alley cropping systems 

      Hulugalle, N.; Ndi, J. (1994)
      This study was initiated to evaluate the short-term (< 3 years) ability of some selected acid-soil adapted hedgerow species when planted in alley cropping systems to improve soil properties in a newly-cleared Ultisol (Typic Kandiudult) of southern Cameroon, 1990–92. The hedgerow species selected were Senna (Senna spectabilis), Flemingia (Flemingia congesta)and Acioa (Acioa barterii). A non-alley-cropped control was also included in the trial. The greatest quantities of prunings, and hence, mulch ...

    • Spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus in Nigeria 

      Akinlosotu, T.A.; Jackai, L.E.N.; Ntonifor, N.; Hassan, A.; Agyakwa, C.W.; Odebiyi, J.; Akingbohungbe, A.E.; Rossel, H.W. (1994)
      The aleyrodid Aleurodicus dispersus is reported from Nigeria. The first observation was made on cassava in early 1992 at several locations in Ibadan. A survey carried out in January 1993 revealed that several genera, many of them important food and ornamental crops, are food plants of the insect.

    • Isolation of microsatellite DNA markers in Musa 

      Jarret, R.L.; Bhat, K.V.; Cregan, P.B.; Ortiz, R.; Vuylsteke, D. (1994)

    • Yield stability of hybrid and open pollinated tomato cultivars in Latin America and Caribbean 

      Ortiz, R.; Izquierdo, J. (1994)
      The environment substantially affects the performance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Therefore, stability analysis can be used to select stable, high-yielding genotypes. Nine open-pollinated and six hybrid tomato genotypes and the most representative local tomato cultivar were evaluated at 20 LAC locations. Each cultivar's yield stability was quantified using the regression of individual genotype's yield on the environmental index, ...

    • Performance of selected woody agroforestry species grown on an Alfisol and an Ultisol in the humid lowland of West Africa, and their effects on on soil properties 

      Kang, B.; Akinnifesi, F.K.; Ladipo, D.O. (1994)
      Performance of commonly grown agroforestry woody species was assessed at two locations in southern Nigeria, on an Alfisol (Oxic Paleustalf) at Ibadan in the forest-savanna transition zone and on an Ultisol (Typic Paleudult) at Onne in the forest zone, with annual rainfall of 1280 and 2400 mm respectively. The improvement effect of the wood species on soil properties appeared to be more pronounced on the Alfisol than on the acidic and nutrient poor Ultisol. Cordia alliodora and Gmelina arborea ...

    • Cassava processing in subSaharan Africa: the implications for expanding cassava production 

      Nweke, F.I. (1994)
      Cassava makes an important contribution to improving food security and rural incomes in sub-Saharan Africa, as it is tolerant of drought and poor soil and its cultivation does not require much labour. However, the fresh roots are bulky and perishable and need to be processed before they can be marketed; processing also removes the cyanogens which make many varieties poisonous in their raw form. Cassava roots are turned into granules, flours, pastes and chips, with a wide range of flavour and ...

    • Regeneration of plants from protoplasts of Musa species (banana) 

      Panis, B.; Sagi, L.; Swennen, R. (1994)
      Bananas are monocots and members of the genus Musa, family Musaceae. They are the second largest fruit crop in the world with an annual production of about 65 million tons (INIBAP 1993). The export trade, involving just dessert bananas of the Cavendish subgroup, comprises only 10% of the total banana production. Ninety percent is locally consumed and grown in backyards and small fields. Triploids are more widely cultivated than diploids and tetraploid

    • Effect of soil fertility on host response to black leaf streak of plantain (Musa spp. AAB group) under traditional farming systems in southwestern Nigeria 

      Mobambo, K.N.; Zuofa, K.E.; Gauhl, F.; Adeniji, M.; Pasberg-Gauhl, C. (1994)
      Plantain (Musa spp., AAB group) is a staple food crop in the humid forest regions of West and Central Africa. Its cultivation is threatened by black leaf streak (BLS), an air‐borne fungal leaf spot disease, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet. An on‐farm survey for BLS severity in relation to soil fertility was conducted in two different geomorphological zones, the main plantain‐growing areas of Rivers State where plantain is mostly cultivated in compound gardens and in outlying fields mixed ...