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    The role of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), and farmer practices in the spread of cassava brown streak ipomoviruses

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    U17ArtMaruthiRoleInthomDev.pdf (771.0Kb)
    Date
    2017
    Author
    Maruthi, M.N.
    Jeremiah, S.C.
    Mohammed, I.U.
    Legg, J.P.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract/Description
    Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is arguably the most dangerous current threat to cassava, which is Africa's most important food security crop. CBSD is caused by two RNA viruses: Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV). The roles of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and farmer practices in the spread of CBSD were investigated in a set of field and laboratory experiments. The virus was acquired and transmitted by B. tabaci within a short time (5–10 min each for virus acquisition and inoculation), and was retained for up to 48 hr. Highest virus transmission (60%) was achieved using 20–25 suspected viruliferous whiteflies per plant that were given acquisition and inoculation periods of 24 and 48 hr, respectively. Experiments mimicking the agronomic practices of cassava leaf picking or the use of contaminated tools for making cassava stem cuttings did not show the transmission of CBSV or UCBSV. Screenhouse and field experiments in Tanzania showed that the spread of CBSD next to spreader rows was high, and that the rate of spread decreased with increasing distance from the source of inoculum. The disease spread in the field up to a maximum of 17 m in a cropping season. These results collectively confirm that CBSV and UCBSV are transmitted by B. tabaci semipersistently, but for only short distances in the field. This implies that spread over longer distances is due to movements of infected stem cuttings used for planting material. These findings have important implications for developing appropriate management strategies for CBSD.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jph.12609
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/1981
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jph.12609
    IITA Subjects
    Cassava; Disease Control; Plant Diseases
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cassava; Diseases; Bemisia Tabaci; Virus Diseases; Cassava Brown Streak Disease; Disease Spread; Virus Transmission; Whitefly
    Regions
    Africa; East Africa
    Countries
    Tanzania
    Journals
    Journal of Phytopathology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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