Show simple item record

Growth and distribution of maize roots under nitrogen fertilization in plinthite soil

dc.contributor.authorOikeh, S.
dc.contributor.authorKling, J.
dc.contributor.authorHorst, W.
dc.contributor.authorChude, V.
dc.contributor.authorCarsky, R.
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-04T11:21:03Z
dc.date.available2019-12-04T11:21:03Z
dc.date.issued1999
dc.identifier.citationOikeh, S., Kling, J., Horst, W., Chude, V. & Carsky, R. (1999). Growth and distribution of maize roots under nitrogen fertilization in plinthite soil. Field Crops Research, 62(1), 1-13.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/3645
dc.description.abstractTo improve efficiency of soil N and water use in the savanna, maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars with improved root systems are required. Two rainfed field experiments were conducted in Samaru, Nigeria in the 1993 and 1994 growing seasons with five maize cultivars under various rates of nitrogen fertilizer. The capacity of maize for rapid early root growth and to later develop a deep, dense root system was assessed. In addition, the effect of N fertilization on root growth of maize was studied in 1994. The widely cultivated cultivar TZB-SR had a poor root system in the surface soil layer and was more susceptible to early-season drought, as indicated by low plant vigor and aboveground dry matter yield during that time. It had a lower grain yield and a relatively small harvest index, but ranked among the highest in total aboveground dry matter production compared to other cultivars. The size of root system alone did not always relate well with grain yield among cultivars. Partitioning of dry matter within the plant was important in determining differences in grain yield and N stress tolerance between cultivars. A semiprolific cultivar (SPL) had high seedling vigour and a dense root system in the surface soil layer that conferred a greater tolerance to early-season drought stress and improved uptake of the early-season N flush, as indicated by a greater dry matter yield at 35 days after sowing (DAS). It also had a fine, deep, dense root system at flowering that could have improved water- and N-use efficiency in the subsoil (> 45 cm), thereby avoiding midseason drought stress in 1994. SPL had a large harvest index and the greatest yield among cultivars in 1994. Averaged across cultivars, greater root growth and distribution was observed at a moderate N rate of 0.56 g plant−1 than at zero-N or high N (2.26 g plant−1). Differences in root morphology could be valuable as selection criteria for N-efficient and drought-tolerant maize.
dc.description.sponsorshipDeutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectNitrogen
dc.subjectMoist Savanna
dc.subjectRoot Length Density
dc.subjectRoot Mass Density
dc.subjectSpecific Root Length
dc.subjectPlinthite
dc.subjectFarmers
dc.subjectMarkets
dc.subjectDrought Stress
dc.subjectN Fertilization
dc.subjectMaize Cultivars
dc.titleGrowth and distribution of maize roots under nitrogen fertilization in plinthite soil
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.description.versionPeer Review
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversität Hannover
cg.contributor.affiliationAhmadu Bello University
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionAcp
cg.coverage.regionWest Africa
cg.coverage.regionEurope
cg.coverage.countryNigeria
cg.coverage.countryGermany
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectSmallholder Farmers
cg.iitasubjectPlant Diseases
cg.iitasubjectPests Of Plants
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.iitasubjectFarm Management
cg.iitasubjectFood Security
cg.iitasubjectMarkets
cg.iitasubjectGenetic Improvement
cg.iitasubjectAgribusiness
cg.iitasubjectPlant Genetic Resources
cg.iitasubjectDomestic Trade
cg.iitasubjectLivelihoods
cg.iitasubjectSoil Fertility
cg.iitasubjectSoil Information
cg.iitasubjectSoil Health
cg.accessibilitystatusLimited Access
local.dspaceid95800
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00169-5


Files in this item

Thumbnail
Name:
oikeh-growth-1999.pdf
Size:
1.724Mb
Format:
PDF
View/Open

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record