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    Metabolites identified during varied doses of aspergillus species in Zea mays grains, and their correlation with aflatoxin levels

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    Date
    2018
    Author
    Falade, T.
    Chrysanthopoulos, P.K.
    Hodson, M.P.
    Sultanbawa, Y.
    Fletcher, M.
    Darnell, Ross
    Korie, S.
    Fox, G.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Aflatoxin contamination is associated with the development of aflatoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus on food grains. This study was aimed at investigating metabolites produced during fungal development on maize and their correlation with aflatoxin levels. Maize cobs were harvested at R3 (milk), R4 (dough), and R5 (dent) stages of maturity. Individual kernels were inoculated in petri dishes with four doses of fungal spores. Fungal colonisation, metabolite profile, and aflatoxin levels were examined. Grain colonisation decreased with kernel maturity: milk-, dough-, and dent-stage kernels by approximately 100%, 60%, and 30% respectively. Aflatoxin levels increased with dose at dough and dent stages. Polar metabolites including alanine, proline, serine, valine, inositol, iso-leucine, sucrose, fructose, trehalose, turanose, mannitol, glycerol, arabitol, inositol, myo-inositol, and some intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA—also known as citric acid or Krebs cycle) were important for dose classification. Important non-polar metabolites included arachidic, palmitic, stearic, 3,4-xylylic, and margaric acids. Aflatoxin levels correlated with levels of several polar metabolites. The strongest positive and negative correlations were with arabitol (R = 0.48) and turanose and (R = 􀀀0.53), respectively. Several metabolites were interconnected with the TCA; interconnections of the metabolites with the TCA cycle varied depending upon the grain maturity.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10050187
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/3843
    Non-IITA Authors ORCID
    Titilayo Faladehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-7861
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10050187
    IITA Subjects
    Aflatoxin; Food Security; Maize
    Agrovoc Terms
    Aflatoxins; Aspergillus Parasiticus; Metabolites; Maize; Grain S
    Countries
    Australia
    Journals
    Toxins
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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