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    Prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in maize and groundnut in Ghana: population structure, distribution, and toxigenicity of the causal agents

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    pdis-05-17-0749-re.pdf (889.1Kb)
    Date
    2018-04
    Author
    Agbetiameh, D.
    Ortega-Beltran, A.
    Awuah, R.T.
    Atehnkeng, J.
    Cotty, P.J.
    Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit
    Type
    Journal Article
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Aflatoxin contamination in maize and groundnut is perennial in Ghana with substantial health and economic burden on the population. The present study examined for the first time the prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in maize and groundnut in major producing regions across three agroecological zones (AEZs) in Ghana. Furthermore, the distribution and aflatoxin-producing potential of Aspergillus species associated with both crops were studied. Out of 509 samples (326 of maize and 183 of groundnut), 35% had detectable levels of aflatoxins. Over 15% of maize and 11% of groundnut samples exceeded the aflatoxin threshold limits set by the Ghana Standards Authority of 15 and 20 ppb, respectively. Mycoflora analyses revealed various species and morphotypes within the Aspergillus section Flavi. A total of 5,083 isolates were recovered from both crops. The L morphotype of Aspergillus flavus dominated communities with 93.3% of the population, followed by Aspergillus spp. with S morphotype (6%), A. tamarii (0.4%), and A. parasiticus (0.3%). Within the L morphotype, the proportion of toxigenic members was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of atoxigenic members across AEZs. Observed and potential aflatoxin concentrations indicate that on-field aflatoxin management strategies need to be implemented throughout Ghana. The recovered atoxigenic L morphotype fungi are genetic resources that can be employed as biocontrol agents to limit aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Ghana.
    https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-17-0749-RE
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/3849
    Non-IITA Authors ORCID
    Alejandro Ortega-Beltranhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3747-8094
    Ranajit Bandyopadhyayhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-4298
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-17-0749-RE
    Research Themes
    PLANT PRODUCTION & HEALTH
    IITA Subjects
    Maize; Plant Diseases; Plant Health; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Aflatoxins; Maize; Aspergillus Flavus; Contamination
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Ghana
    Journals
    Plant Disease
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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