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    Identification of key root volatiles signaling preference of tomato over spinach by the Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

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    S18ArtMurungiIdentificationInthomDev.pdf (1.940Mb)
    Date
    2018-06-25
    Author
    Murungi, L.K.
    Kirwa, H.
    Coyne, D.
    Teal, P.E.
    Beck, J.J.
    Torto, B.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    The root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, is a serious pest of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and spinach (Spinacea oleracea) in sub-Saharan Africa. In East Africa these two crops are economically important and are commonly intercropped by smallholder farmers. The role of host plant volatiles in M. incognita interactions with these two commodities is currently unknown. Here, we investigate the olfactory basis of attraction of tomato and spinach roots by the infective second stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita. In olfactometer assays, J2s were attracted to root volatiles from both crops over moist sand (control), but in choice tests using the two host plants, volatiles of tomato roots were more attractive than those released by spinach. Root volatiles sampled by solid phase microextraction (SPME) fiber and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) identified a total of eight components, of which five (2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-(methoxy)-3-(1-methylpropyl)pyrazine, tridecane, and α- and β-cedrene) occurred in the root-emitted volatiles of both plants, with three (δ-3-carene, sabinene, and methyl salicylate) being specific to tomato root volatiles. In a series of bioassays, methyl salicylate contributed strongly to the attractiveness of tomato, whereas 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine and tridecane contributed to the attractiveness of spinach. M. incognita J2s were also more attracted to natural spinach root volatiles when methyl salicylate was combined than to spinach volatiles alone, indicating that the presence of methyl salicylate in tomato volatiles strongly contributes to its preference over spinach. Our results indicate that since both tomato and spinach roots are attractive to M. incognita, identifying cultivars of these two plant species that are chemically less attractive can be helpful in the management of root knot nematodes.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03257
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/4626
    Non-IITA Authors ORCID
    Daniel Coynehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-6328
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03257
    Research Themes
    NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
    IITA Subjects
    Natural Resource Management
    Agrovoc Terms
    Kairomone; Meloidogyne; Semiochemical; Solanum Lycopersicum; Spinacea Oleracea
    Regions
    Africa; East Africa
    Countries
    Kenya
    Journals
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles5286
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