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    Novel strategies for soil-borne diseases: exploiting the Microbiome and volatile-based mechanisms toward controlling Meloidogyne-based disease complexes

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    U19ArtWolfgangNovelInthomDev.pdf (3.214Mb)
    Date
    2019-06-07
    Author
    Wolfgang, A.
    Taffner, J.
    Guimarães, R.A.
    Coyne, D.
    Berg. G.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Under more intensified cropping conditions agriculture will face increasing incidences of soil-borne plant pests and pathogens, leading to increasingly higher yield losses world-wide. Soil-borne disease complexes, in particular, are especially difficult to control. In order to better understand soil-borne Meloidogyne-based disease complexes, we studied the volatile-based control mechanism of associated bacteria as well as the rhizospheric microbiome on Ugandan tomato plants presenting different levels of root-galling damage, using a multiphasic approach. The experimental design was based on representative samplings of healthy and infected tomato plants from two field locations in Uganda, to establish species collections and DNA libraries. Root galling symptoms on tomato resulted from a multispecies infection of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Results revealed that 16.5% of the bacterial strain collection produced nematicidal volatile organic compounds (nVOC) active against Meloidogyne. Using SPME GC-MS, diverse VOC were identified, including sulfuric compounds, alkenes and one pyrazine. Around 28% of the bacterial strains were also antagonistic toward at least one fungal pathogen of the disease complex. However, antagonistic interactions appear highly specific. Nematicidal antagonists included Pseudomonas, Comamonas, and Variovorax and fungicidal antagonists belonged to Bacillus, which interestingly, were primarily recovered from healthy roots, while nematode antagonists were prominent in the rhizosphere and roots of diseased roots. In summary, all antagonists comprised up to 6.4% of the tomato root microbiota. In general, the microbiota of healthy and diseased root endospheres differed significantly in alpha and quantitative beta diversity indices. Bacteria-derived volatiles appear to provide a remarkable, yet wholly unexploited, potential to control Meloidogyne-based soil-borne disease complexes. The highly specific observed antagonism indicates that a combination of volatiles or VOC-producing bacteria are necessary to counter the range of pathogens involved in such complexes.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01296
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/5853
    Non-IITA Authors ORCID
    Daniel Coynehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-6328
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01296
    Research Themes
    NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
    IITA Subjects
    Disease Control; Natural Resource Management
    Agrovoc Terms
    Root Knot Nematodes; Biocontrol; Pseudomonas; Bacillus; Solanum Lycopersicum; Tomatoes; Meloidogyne
    Regions
    Africa; East Africa
    Countries
    Uganda
    Journals
    Frontiers in Microbiology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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