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Assessing the severity and the incidence of Cassava Root Necrosis Disease (CRND) in western Democratic Republic of Congo

dc.contributor.authorBakelana, Z.
dc.contributor.authorPita, J.
dc.contributor.authorMwangu, K.
dc.contributor.authorTevo, N.
dc.contributor.authorMayanza, K.
dc.contributor.authorBetezi, M.
dc.contributor.authorTuwizana, N.
dc.contributor.authorMukendi, T.
dc.contributor.authorTshiamala, N.
dc.contributor.authorMahungu, N.
dc.contributor.authorMonde, G.
dc.contributor.authorLema, K.M.
dc.contributor.authorKanana, T.
dc.contributor.authorKalonji, M.
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-27T10:39:40Z
dc.date.available2020-02-27T10:39:40Z
dc.date.issued2019-01
dc.identifier.citationBakelana, Z., Pita, J., Mwangu, K., Tevo, N., Mayanza, K., Betezi, M., ... & Kalonji, M. (2019). Assessing the severity and the incidence of Cassava Root Necrosis Disease (CRND) in western Democratic Republic of Congo. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch. 4(6), 237-253.
dc.identifier.issn2456-8643
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/6797
dc.description.abstractCassava is the staple food in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) where both the roots and leaves are consumed. This crop is susceptible to several viral diseases, including Cassava Mosaic Disease(CMD) and Cassava Brown Streak Disease(CBSD) in eastern DRC. Following earlier studies that show root necrosis occurring in western DR Care not due to CBSD but to Cassava Root Necrosis Disease (CRND), an exploratory survey was conducted in western DRC from 2016 to 2017 in order to determine the distribution, the severity and the incidence of this disease (previously known as CBSD-like disease). NGS ( Next Generation Sequencing) results confirmed all the previous negative results obtained using PCR and CBSV primers. This suggests that microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi could be responsible for cassava root necrosis in western DRC and is not CBSD as predicted. Five provinces (Bas-Congo, Kinshasa, Bandundu, Equateur and Kasai-Oriental) were surveyed and data were collected according to the harmonized protocols adopted by countries within the West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE) project. Statistical tests (ANOVA) performed on our data showed that CRND severity did not vary significantly among the provinces of Kinshasa, Bandundu and Bas-Congo which are the areas most affected by the disease. Bas-Congo and Kinshasa provinces presented the highest maximum disease severity (score 3 and 5 respectively), while Equateur province had the lowest disease severity score. Equateur province also had the highest percentage of healthy plants and few plants presented mild symptoms. The overall average of cassava root necrosis severity in western DRC ranged around 1.88 ± 0.08, an approximate score of 2. The overall mean incidence of CRND in western DRC was 22.24 ± 2.4% but reached 100% in localities considered as hotspots (Lukuakua in Bas-Congo and Nguma in Plateau des Batékés). The behaviour of cassava varieties against CRND is similar with CBSD in East Africa, most of improved varieties and landraces are susceptible to both diseases. Correlation analyses showed a positive correlation (r = 0.6940) between severity and incidence of CRND. Therefore, Bas-Congo province is the most affected province, while the province of Equateur is the least affected province in western DRC. Further investigations, including genomic surveillance, should also be conducted in the eastern DRC where CBSD is confirmed to know if CRND is found in conjunction with CBSD and to report possible instances of mixed infections. For medium-term disease control, our study suggests that the development and deployment of control measures including cultivars with resistance to CRND and CBSD should be a priority.
dc.description.sponsorshipBill & Melinda Gates Foundation
dc.description.sponsorshipWest African Virus Epidemiology
dc.format.extent237-253
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectCassava
dc.subjectDemocratic Republic of the Congo
dc.subjectRoots
dc.subjectNecrosis
dc.subjectLeaves
dc.subjectDiseases
dc.titleAssessing the severity and the incidence of Cassava Root Necrosis Disease (CRND) in western Democratic Republic of Congo
dc.typeJournal Article
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.crpRoots, Tubers and Bananas
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Institute for Agricultural Research Studies, DR. Congo
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationInstitute Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Yangambi
cg.contributor.affiliationKinshasa University
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionCentral Africa
cg.coverage.countryDemocratic Republic of the Congo
cg.coverage.hubCentral Africa Hub
cg.creator.identifierNzola Mahungu: 0000-0002-3781-0838
cg.researchthemeBiotech and Plant Breeding
cg.identifier.bibtexciteidBAKELANA:2019c
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectAgronomy
cg.iitasubjectCassava
cg.iitasubjectDisease Control
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Diseases
cg.iitasubjectPlant Health
cg.journalJournal of Agricultural Science
cg.notesOpen Access Article
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
cg.reviewstatusPeer Review
cg.usagerightslicenseCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.35410/IJAEB.2019.4477


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