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    Screening preemergence herbicides for weed control in cassava

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    Journal Article (3.343Mb)
    Date
    2020-02-17
    Author
    Ekeleme, F.
    Dixon, A.
    Atser, G.
    Hauser, S.
    Chikoye, D.
    Olorunmaiye, P.M.
    Olojede, A.
    Korie, S.
    Weller, S.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa; thus, good weed control measures, including the use of herbicides, are increasingly important. Herbicide trials were conducted at five locations across eastern, western, and north-central Nigeria over two cropping seasons (2014 and 2015). Nineteen premixed PRE herbicides applied at different rates were evaluated for efficacy on weeds and selectivity on cassava. Manual hoe-weeding at 4, 8, and 12 wk after planting (WAP) and two S-metolachlor + atrazine treatments commonly used by cassava growers were included for comparison. Six of the 19 PRE herbicide treatments (indaziflam + isoxaflutole, indaziflam + metribuzin, flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone, isoxaflutole, acetochlor + atrazine + terbuthylazine, and terbuthylazine + S-metolachlor) consistently provided 80% to 98% broadleaf and grass weed control up to 8 wk after treatment. Overall, PRE herbicide treatments and cassava yield were significantly positively correlated. Herbicide treatments terbuthylazine + S-metolachlor, flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone, diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone (respectively, 60 + 60 + 60, 120 + 120 + 120, 90 + 360 + 120, and 135 + 360 + 180 g ha−1), acetochlor + atrazine + terbuthylazine (875 + 875 + 875 g ha−1), S-metolachlor + atrazine (870 + 1,110 g ha−1), oxyfluorfen (240 g ha−1), indaziflam + isoxaflutole (75 + 225 g ha−1), indaziflam + metribuzin (75 + 960 g ha−1), and aclonifen + isoxaflutole (500 + 75 g ha−1) contributed to yields exceeding twice the Nigerian national average of 8.76 tonnes ha−1. These treatments had root yields of 1.4 to 2 times higher than plots that had been hoe-weeded three times. There were some adverse herbicide treatment effects such as delayed cassava sprouting and temporary leaf bleaching observed in indaziflam and diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone treatments, whereas sulfentrazone caused prolonged leaf crinkling. The PRE applications alone at rates safe for cassava did not provide adequate season-long weed control; supplemental POST weed control is needed about 10 WAP for satisfactory season-long control.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.26
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/6929
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Friday Ekelemehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-2606
    Stefan Hauserhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6329-7783
    David Chikoyehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-9821
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.26
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding; Natural Resource Management; Plant Production and Health
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cassava; Natural Resource Management; Plant Breeding; Plant Health; Plant Production; Weeds
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cassava; Roots; Yields; Herbicides; Grasses; Weed Control
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Southern Africa Hub; Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Weed Technology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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