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Prevalence of aflatoxin- and fumonisin-producing fungi associated with cereal crops grown in Zimbabwe and their associated risks in a climate change scenario

dc.contributor.authorAkello, J.
dc.contributor.authorOrtega-Beltran, A.
dc.contributor.authorKatati, B.
dc.contributor.authorAtehnkeng, J.
dc.contributor.authorAugusto, J.
dc.contributor.authorMwila, C.M.
dc.contributor.authorMahuku, G.
dc.contributor.authorChikoye, D.
dc.contributor.authorBandyopadhyay, R.
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-17T13:55:39Z
dc.date.available2021-03-17T13:55:39Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.citationkello, J., Ortega-Beltran, A., Katati, B., Atehnkeng, J., Augusto, J., Mwila, C.M., ... & Bandyopadhyay, R. (2021). Prevalence of aflatoxin-and fumonisin-producing fungi associated with cereal crops grown in Zimbabwe and their associated risks in a climate change scenario. Foods, 10(2), 287: 1-18.
dc.identifier.issn2304-8158
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7083
dc.description.abstractIn most sub-Saharan African countries, staple cereal grains harbor many fungi and some produce mycotoxins that negatively impact health and trade. Maize and three small grain cereals (sorghum, pearl millet, and finger millet) produced by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe during 2016 and 2017 were examined for fungal community structure, and total aflatoxin (AF) and fumonisin (FM) content. A total of 800 maize and 180 small grain samples were collected at harvest and during storage from four agroecological zones. Fusarium spp. dominated the fungi associated with maize. Across crops, Aspergillusflavus constituted the main Aspergillus spp. Small grain cereals were less susceptible to both AF and FM. AF (52%) and FM (89%) prevalence was higher in maize than in small grains (13–25% for AF and 0–32% for FM). Less than 2% of small grain samples exceeded the EU regulatory limit for AF (4 µg/kg), while <10% exceeded the EU regulatory limit for FM (1000 µg/kg). For maize, 28% and 54% of samples exceeded AF and FM Codex guidance limits, respectively. Higher AF contamination occurred in the drier and hotter areas while more FM occurred in the wetter year. AF exposure risk assessment revealed that small grain consumption posed low health risks (≤0.02 liver cancer cases/100,000 persons/year) while maize consumption potentially caused higher liver cancer rates of up to 9.2 cases/100,000 persons/year depending on the locality. Additionally, FM hazard quotients from maize consumption among children and adults were high in both years, but more so in a wet year than a dry year. Adoption of AF and FM management practices throughout the maize value chain coupled with policies supporting dietary diversification are needed to protect maize consumers in Zimbabwe from AF- and FM-associated health effects. The higher risk of health burden from diseases associated with elevated concentration of mycotoxins in preferred maize during climate change events can be relieved by increased consumption of small grains.
dc.description.sponsorshipFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
dc.description.sponsorshipBill & Melinda Gates Foundation
dc.format.extent1-18
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectClimate Change
dc.subjectMaize
dc.subjectFood Security
dc.subjectFood Safety
dc.subjectCereals
dc.subjectMycotoxins
dc.subjectRisk Assessment
dc.subjectAflatoxins
dc.titlePrevalence of aflatoxin- and fumonisin-producing fungi associated with cereal crops grown in Zimbabwe and their associated risks in a climate change scenario
dc.typeJournal Article
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.crpGrain Legumes
cg.contributor.crpMaize
cg.contributor.crpRoots, Tubers and Bananas
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Zambia
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Africa
cg.coverage.countryZimbabwe
cg.coverage.hubSouthern Africa Hub
cg.coverage.hubEastern Africa Hub
cg.coverage.hubCentral Africa Hub
cg.coverage.hubHeadquarters and Western Africa Hub
cg.researchthemePlant Production and Health
cg.identifier.bibtexciteidAKELLO:2021
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectAflatoxin
cg.iitasubjectAgronomy
cg.iitasubjectClimate Change
cg.iitasubjectFood Security
cg.iitasubjectMaize
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Health
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.journalFoods
cg.notesOpen Access Journal; Published online: 31 Jan 2021
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
cg.reviewstatusInternal Review
cg.usagerightslicenseCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 0.0)
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020287
cg.iitaauthor.identifierJuliet Akello: 0000-0003-4780-4850
cg.iitaauthor.identifierAlejandro Ortega-Beltran: 0000-0003-3747-8094
cg.iitaauthor.identifierGeorge Mahuku: 0000-0001-8444-8651
cg.iitaauthor.identifierDavid Chikoye: 0000-0002-6047-9821
cg.iitaauthor.identifierRanajit Bandyopadhyay: 0000-0003-2422-4298
cg.futureupdate.requiredNo


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