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    Detection of non-additive gene action within elite maize populations evaluated in contrasting environments under rainforest ecology in Nigeria

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    Journal Article (531.5Kb)
    Date
    2021
    Author
    Akinwale, R.O.
    Eze, C.E.
    Traore, D.
    Menkir, A.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Proper understanding of the mode of gene action in open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) maize parents helps breeder in the choice of appropriate breeding method to improve its genetic value. The objectives of the present study were to determine gene action controlling grain yield and other agronomic traits of late maturing elite OPVs and classify the varieties into heterotic groups. Ninety-one hybrids generated from 14 elite OPV parents using diallel mating design were evaluated with their parents plus three commercial checks under marginal rainfall, drought, and optimal environments in Nigeria from 2017 to 2018. The experiment was laid out in a 9 × 12 alpha lattice with three replications in each environment. Results showed that there were significant mean squares for grain yield and most agronomic traits. Significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares for some of the traits indicated that additive and non-additive genetic gene actions were important in the inheritance of yield and those traits among this set of genotypes. However, non-additive genetic effects were more important than additive for grain yield and other agronomic traits in all research environments. Only TZL Comp-3 C3 DT had significant and positive GCA effects (0.336*) while three hybrids had significant and positive SCA for grain yield across research environments. Because of the preponderance of non-additive gene action over additive gene action, distinct heterotic groups could not be identified but four tester groups were identified by HSGCA (Heterotic grouping based on Specific and General Combining Ability) and three groups by HGCAMT (Heterotic grouping based on the GCA of Multiple Traits). Results of grouping were not related to the endosperm colour but grouping based on HGCAMT was related to the pedigree of the varieties. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated preponderance of non-additive gene action over the additive gene action for all measured traits. The presence of the non-additive gene action present in the studied materials can enhance identification of outstanding varietal hybrids and population testers that can serve as base genetic materials for future maize improvement through reciprocal recurrent selection program in SSA.
    Acknowledgements
    The authors extend their gratitude to Dr. Baffour Badu-Apraku (IITA, Ibadan) for the provision of pollination bags used for the crosses. The authors also appreciate the contributions of Dr. Sebastian Michel and Professor Hermann Bürstmayr of the Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology in Plant Production Tulln, Austria, for their technical support in the latter phase of the work.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.20900/cbgg20210003
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7110
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Abebe Menkirhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5907-9177
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.20900/cbgg20210003
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Food Security; Maize; Plant Breeding; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Combining Ability; Diallel Analysis; Maize; Pollination; Food Security; Nigeria
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Crop Breeding, Genetics and Genomics
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4836
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