Genetic gain studies in a breeding program are very important for measuring the efficiency of the program over a specific period. It also provides breeders with an understanding of the outcomes of the huge investments committed to the breeding programs. This study sought to (i) estimate the gains in grain yield under drought and rainfed conditions and (ii) identify high-yielding and stable hybrids developed in the last two decades under drought and rainfed conditions. Sixty extra-early maturing hybrids developed by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, during three breeding periods: (2008–2010, 2011–2013, and 2014–2016) were assessed under managed drought and rainfed conditions across 14 environments in Nigeria to estimate the genetic gains in grain yield using linear regression analysis. Considerably high genetic gains (4.1%) per year for grain yield was obtained for the extra-early maturing hybrids under drought environments. Six of the top ten hybrids identified were from period 3, an indication of the high genetic gains from selection in period 3. Additionally, two of the top six period 3 hybrids (TZEEI 29 × TZEEI 13) × TZEEI 64 and TZdEEI 64 × TZEEI 54 were found to be the best yielding and most stable across the 14 test environments and were highly recommended for extensive evaluations to warrant their commercialization in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050831

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BAFFOUR BADU-APRAKUhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0113-5487

https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050831

Biotech and Plant Breeding

Agronomy; Farming Systems; Food Security; Maize; Plant Breeding; Plant Production

Maize; Maturity; Genetic Gain; Drought; Rainfed; Management; Zea Mays; West Africa

Africa; West Africa

Nigeria

Headquarters and Western Africa Hub

Agronomy