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    Morpho-physiological and molecular evaluation of drought tolerance in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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    Journal Article (3.761Mb)
    Date
    2020-09-15
    Author
    Orek, C.
    Gruissem, W.
    Ferguson, M.
    Vanderschuren, H.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Understanding drought tolerance mechanisms of cassava is a pre-requisite to improve the performance of the crop in water-scarce regions. Several hypotheses have been formulated to suggest how cassava can withstand a prolonged period of drought. We performed field trials under drought conditions with a selection of 37 cassava genotypes to identify phenotypic and molecular patterns associated with drought tolerance. Plant morphologies varied significantly between cassava genotypes under drought conditions in Kenya, which indicates a strong genetic basis for phenotypic differences. Drought stress reduced yield by 59%, the number of edible storage roots by 43% and leaf retention by 50% on average. Over three years and in two experimental field sites, the most drought tolerant genotype bulked 7.1 (±2.1) t/ha yield while the most drought susceptible genotype yielded 3.3 (±1.4) t/ha under drought conditions. The significant positive correlation of yield under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions suggests that selection of genotypes with high yield performance under well-watered or control conditions should be prioritized to identify genotypes with superior performance under drought stress. The positive correlation between yield and leaf retention provided further evidence that leaf longevity positively contributes to yield in water-deficit conditions. Yield differences could be attributed in part to variation in stomatal conductance (gs) because selected drought tolerant genotypes maintained higher gs and delayed stomatal closure as compared to drought susceptible genotypes. Further analysis revealed that genetic or molecular differences for gs between drought tolerant and susceptible genotypes could be detected at early stages of water deficit. These differences likely involve both abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and ABA-independent molecular pathways.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107861
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7312
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Morag Fergusonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7763-5173
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107861
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cassava; Plant Breeding; Plant Diseases; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cassava; Drought Tolerance; Genotypes; Yields
    Regions
    Africa; East Africa
    Countries
    Kenya
    Hubs
    Eastern Africa Hub
    Journals
    Field Crops Research
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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