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    Rhizobium inoculants suppress emergence of the weed Striga gesnerioides in cowpea

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    Journal Article (808.0Kb)
    Date
    2021
    Author
    Mu'az, W.A.
    Dianda, M.
    Boukar, O.
    Dieng, I.
    Mohammed, G.S.
    Belko, N.
    Togola, A.
    Muhammad, H.
    Kanampiu, F.
    Giller, K.
    Vanlauwe, B.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Cowpea is a grain legume of major importance in sub-Saharan Africa where it is cultivated by smallholder farmers on poor soils and production is often constrained by the parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides. Experiments were conducted to assess the potential of rhizobium inoculation in mitigating Striga infestation and increasing cowpea productivity. We tested under basal P application and artificial S. gesnerioides inoculation the impact of cowpea genotypes (G) (nine Striga-resistant and 11 Striga– susceptible genotypes) and bradyrhizobium inoculation (N) (two bradyrhizobium strains USDA3384 and IRJ2180A, and uninoculated control) on Striga dynamics and cowpea yield. Additional treatments included N supplied as urea (with and without), and no input (i.e., soil inherent N and P) that served as negative check. A first experiment was carried out in potted sterile soils in the screen house excluding addition of N-fertilizers. Significant G x N interactions were observed in counts of nodule (P = 0.012), Striga attachment (P < 0.0001) and emergence (P = 0.005), and cowpea shoot growth (P = 0.016). Cowpea nodulated poorly across host lines, Striga counts were the lowest for resistant varieties with no emerged plants. Rhizobial inoculants depressed Striga counts with consistent differences found across cowpea genotypes. Inoculation with IRJ2180A performed the best against Striga attachment in resistant genotypes, and its emergence in susceptible genotypes. In the field trial, nodule numbers were lowest in cowpea without inputs (P < 0.0001). The G x N interaction was significant in emerged Striga plants (P < 0.0001). Resistant genotypes were free of emerged Striga while for susceptible ones, Striga emergence was the highest without any input addition. Significant G x N interaction was observed in cowpea grain yield (P < 0.0001). Yield response to inoculation was most obvious for resistant genotypes inoculated with the strain IRJ2180A (P = 0.0043). The integrated use of Striga-resistant cowpea lines and elite bradyrhizobium inoculant under moderate application of P-based fertilizer could be a promising approach for mitigating Striga infestation and increasing productivity.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-358536/v1
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7334
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Ousmanehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0234-4264
    Abou TOGOLAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-8292
    Fred Kanampiuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-6813
    bernard vanlauwehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-6027
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-358536/v1
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding; Natural Resource Management; Plant Production and Health
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cowpea; Food Security; Grain Legumes; Plant Breeding; Plant Health; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cowpeas; Striga; Grain Legumes; Smallholders; Genotypes; Productivity
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Central Africa Hub; Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Research Square
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4836
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