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    Genetic diversity of local and introduced cassava germplasm in Burundi using DArTseq molecular analyses

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    Journal Article (1.470Mb)
    Date
    2022-01-24
    Author
    Pierre, N.
    Wamalwa, L.N.
    Muiru, W.M.
    Simon, B.
    Kanju, E.
    Ferguson, M.
    Ndavi, M.
    Tumwegamire, S.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    In Burundi most small-scale farmers still grow traditional cassava landraces that are adapted to local conditions and have been selected for consumer preferred attributes. They tend to be susceptible, in varying degrees, to devastating cassava viral diseases such as Cassava Brown Streak Disease (CBSD) and Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) with annual production losses of US$1 billion. For long term resistance to the disease, several breeding strategies have been proposed. A sound basis for a breeding program is to understand the genetic diversity of both landraces and elite introduced breeding cultivars. This will also assist in efforts to conserve landraces ahead of the broad distribution of improved varieties which have the possibility of replacing landraces. Our study aimed at determining the genetic diversity and relationships within and between local landraces and introduced elite germplasm using morphological and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total of 118 cultivars were characterized for morphological trait variation based on leaf, stem and root traits, and genetic variation using SNP markers. Results of morphological characterization based on Ward’s Method revealed three main clusters and five accessions sharing similar characteristics. Molecular characterization identified over 18,000 SNPs and six main clusters and three pairs of duplicates which should be pooled together as one cultivar to avoid redundancy. Results of population genetic analysis showed low genetic distance between populations and between local landraces and elite germplasm. Accessions that shared similar morphological traits were divergent at the molecular level indicating that clustering using morphological traits was inconsistent. Despite the variabilities found within the collection, it was observed that cassava germplasm in Burundi have a narrow genetic base.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256002
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7342
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Edward Kanjuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-1302
    Morag Fergusonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7763-5173
    Silver Tumwegamirehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-6337
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256002
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding; Natural Resource Management
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cassava; Food Security; Genetic Improvement; Plant Breeding; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cassava; Genetic Diversity; Marker-Assisted Selection; Morphology; Descriptors
    Regions
    Africa; Central Africa
    Countries
    Burundi
    Hubs
    Eastern Africa Hub; Central Africa Hub
    Journals
    PLOS ONE
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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