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    Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids

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    Journal Article (320.5Kb)
    Date
    2021
    Author
    Elemosho, A.O.
    Irondi, E.A.
    Alamu, E.O.
    Ajani, E.O.
    Menkir, A.
    Maziya-Dixon, B.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract/Description
    Most of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS1828-1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11) in vitro. The maize hybrids were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria. The bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, and phytate) levels, antioxidant (DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging capacity and reducing power) and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the maize hybrids were determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, carotenoids were quantified using a reverse-phase HPLC system. The ranges of the bioactive compounds were: 11.25–14.14 mg GAE/g (total phenolics), 3.62–4.67 mg QE/g (total flavonoids), 3.63–6.29 mg/g (tannins), 3.66–4.31% (phytate), 8.92–12.11 µg/g (total xanthophylls), 2.42–2.89 µg/g (total β-carotene), and 3.17–3.77 µg/g (total provitamin A carotenoids). Extracts of the maize hybrids scavenged DPPH• (SC50: 9.07–26.35 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (2.65–7.68 TEAC mmol/g), reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ (0.25 ± 0.64–0.43 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), and inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 ranges of 26.28–52.55 mg/mL and 47.72–63.98 mg/mL, respectively. Among the six clones of the maize hybrids, AS1828-9 had the highest (p < 0.05) levels of tannins and phytate and the strongest antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory activities. Significant correlations were observed between total phenolics and the following: ABTS•+ (p < 0.01, r = 0.757), DPPH• SC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.867), reducing power (p < 0.05, r = 0.633), α-amylase IC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.836) and α-glucosidase IC50 (p < 0.05, r = −0.582). Hence, the Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (especially AS1828-9) may be beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia.
    Acknowledgements
    The authors are grateful to the Food and Nutrition Sciences laboratory (FNSL) and the Maize Improvement Program (MIP), IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria, for providing the laboratory facilities and plant materials used in this study. The support from Mr Adesokan Michael (FNSL) and Mr Tayo Ojo (MIP) is also acknowledged.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226874
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7395
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Alamu Emmanuel Oladejihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6263-1359
    Abebe Menkirhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5907-9177
    Busie Maziya-Dixonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-2201
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226874
    Research Themes
    Nutrition and Human Health
    IITA Subjects
    Aflatoxin; Agronomy; Food Security; Maize; Nutrition; Socioeconomy; Value Chains
    Agrovoc Terms
    Maize; Phenolic; Flavonoids; Tannins; Carotenoids; Phytic Acid; Alpha Glucosidase; Alpha Amylase
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Molecules
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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