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    Temperature influences on interactions among aflatoxigenic species of Aspergillus section flavi during maize colonization.

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    Journal Article (827.3Kb)
    Date
    2021
    Author
    Ching'anda, C.
    Atehnkeng, J.
    Bandyopadhyay, R.
    Callicott, K.
    Orbach, M.J.
    Mehl, H.L.
    Cotty, P.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Fungal species within Aspergillus section Flavi contaminate food and feed with aflatoxins. These toxic fungal metabolites compromise human and animal health and disrupt trade. Genotypically and phenotypically diverse species co-infect crops, but temporal and spatial variation in frequencies of different lineages suggests that environmental factors such as temperature may influence structure of aflatoxin-producing fungal communities. Furthermore, though most species within Aspergillus section Flavi produce sclerotia, divergent sclerotial morphologies (small or S-type sclerotia vs. large or L-type sclerotia) and differences in types and quantities of aflatoxins produced suggest lineages are adapted to different life strategies. Temperature is a key parameter influencing pre- and post-harvest aflatoxin contamination of crops. We tested the hypothesis that species of aflatoxin-producing fungi that differ in sclerotial morphology will vary in competitive ability and that outcomes of competition and aflatoxin production will be modulated by temperature. Paired competition experiments between highly aflatoxigenic S-type species (A. aflatoxiformans and Lethal Aflatoxicosis Fungus) and L-type species (A. flavus L morphotype and A. parasiticus) were conducted on maize kernels at 25 and 30°C. Proportions of each isolate growing within and sporulating on kernels were measured using quantitative pyrosequencing. At 30°C, S-type fungi were more effective at host colonization compared to L-type isolates. Total aflatoxins and the proportion of B vs. G aflatoxins were greater at 30°C compared to 25°C. Sporulation by L-type isolates was reduced during competition with S-type fungi at 30°C, while relative quantities of conidia produced by S-type species either increased or did not change during competition. Results indicate that both species interactions and temperature can shape population structure of Aspergillus section Flavi, with warmer temperatures favoring growth and dispersal of highly toxigenic species with S-type sclerotia.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2021.720276
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7396
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Ranajit Bandyopadhyayhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-4298
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2021.720276
    Research Themes
    Plant Production and Health
    IITA Subjects
    Aflatoxin; Agronomy; Food Security; Maize; Plant Breeding; Plant Diseases; Plant Health; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Aspergillus Flavus; Aspergillus Parasiticus; Aflatoxicosis; Fungi; Maize; Aflatoxins
    Regions
    Africa; Southern Africa
    Countries
    Malawi
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Frontiers in Fungal Biology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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