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    Geographical distribution and genetic diversity of the banana fusarium wilt fungus in Laos and Vietnam

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    Journal Article (917.3Kb)
    Date
    2022
    Author
    Chittarath, C.
    Nguyen, C.H.
    Bailey, W.C.
    Zheng, S.J.
    Mostert, D.
    Viljoen, A.
    Tazuba, A.
    Ocimati, W.
    Kearsley, E.
    Chi, T.Y.
    Tho, N.T.
    Hung, N.T.
    Dita, M.
    Shah, T.
    Karanja, M.
    Mahuku, G.
    Blomme, G.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to global banana production. The tropical race 4 (TR4) variant of Foc is a highly virulent form with a large host range, and severely affects Cavendish bananas. Foc TR4 was recently observed within the Greater Mekong Subregion, after Chinese private companies expanded Cavendish production to the region. In this study, extensive surveys conducted across Laos and Vietnam show that Foc TR4 is still mainly constricted to the northern regions of these countries and is limited to Cavendish cultivation settings. In Laos, Foc TR4 is associated with large-scale Cavendish plantations owned by or involved with Chinese companies through which infected planting material could have been imported. In Vietnam, mostly small-holder Cavendish farmers and backyard gardens were affected by Foc TR4. In Vietnam, no direct link is found with Chinese growers, and it is expected the pathogen mainly spreads through local and regional movement of infected planting materials. Foc TR4 was not recorded on banana cultivars other than Cavendish. The extensively cultivated ‘Pisang Awak’ cultivar was solely infected by VCGs belonging to Foc race 1 and 2, with a high occurrence of VCG 0123 across Laos, and of VCG 0124/5 in Vietnam. Substantial diversity of Foc VCGs was recorded (VCGs 0123, 0124/5, 01218 and 01221) from northern to southern regions in both countries, suggesting that Fusarium wilt is well established in the region. Interviews with farmers indicated that the local knowledge of Fusarium wilt epidemiology and options for disease management was limited. Clear communication efforts on disease epidemiology and management with emphasis on biosecurity practices need to be improved in order to prevent further spread of Foc TR4 to mixed variety smallholder settings.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010046
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7613
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Trushar Shahhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-7981
    George Mahukuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8444-8651
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010046
    Research Themes
    Plant Production and Health
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Banana; Disease Control; Food Security; Genetic Improvement; Plant Breeding; Plant Diseases; Plant Genetic Resources; Plant Health; Plant Production; Smallholder Farmers
    Agrovoc Terms
    Fusarium; Bananas; Smallholders; Plant Diseases; Genetic Variation
    Regions
    Asia
    Countries
    Vietnam
    Hubs
    Eastern Africa Hub
    Journals
    Journal of Fungi
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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