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    Limited effects of shade on physiological performances of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) under elevated temperature

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    Journal Article (2.387Mb)
    Date
    2022
    Author
    Mensah, E.O.
    Asare, R.
    Vaast, P.
    Amoatey, C.
    Markussen, B.O.
    Owusu, K.
    Asitoakor, B.K.
    Raebild, A.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Shade is one of the recommended management solutions to mitigate the effects of heat stress, which is a major challenge for cocoa production globally. Nevertheless, there are limited studies to verify this hypothesis. Here, we evaluate the effects of heat and shade on cocoa physiology using experimental plots with six-month old potted seedlings in a randomized complete block design. Infrared heaters were applied for one month to increase leaf temperatures by an average of 5–7 ºC (heat treatment) compared with no heat (unheated treatments), and shaded plants were placed under a shade net removing 60% of the light compared with no shade (sun treatments). Plants under heat treatments in sun and in shade showed severe reduction in photosynthesis. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic light response curves indicated that heat caused damages at photosystem II and additionally resulted in lower rates of maximal photosynthesis. Temperature optima for photosynthesis were at 31–33 ºC with only small differences between treatments, and as light saturation was reached at low PAR levels of 325 – 380 µmol m−2 s−1 in shade and 427 – 521 µmol m−2 s−1 in sun, ambient rates of photosynthesis were comparable between sun and shade treatments. Heat treatments resulted in decreased concentrations of chlorophyll and changed pigment composition, reduced specific leaf areas, and plant biomass. While shade may benefit cocoa seedlings, our results indicate that the positive effects may not be sufficient to counteract the negative effects of increased temperatures on cocoa physiology.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.104983
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7628
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Richard Asarehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6798-7821
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.104983
    Research Themes
    Natural Resource Management
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cocoa; Plant Health
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cocoa; Theobroma Cacao; Climate; Photosynthesis
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Ghana
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Environmental and Experimental Botany
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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