| dc.contributor.author | Gbedevi, K.M. |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-10-31T10:02:45Z |
| dc.date.available | 2022-10-31T10:02:45Z |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-11 |
| dc.identifier.citation | Gbedevi, K.M. (2021). Genetic diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions collected from Togo. Ibadan, Nigeria: Pan African University (162p.). |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7923 |
| dc.description.abstract | Cowpea is one of the most widely grown legumes in Togo for its grains and leaves, which are used both as food and feed. Despite its importance in the nutrition and economic life of the people, bulk of the varieties grown in Togo are landraces. Genetic improvement of crops requires the presence of heritable genetic variation. However, there is hardly any information on the extent of variability among cultivated cowpea in Togo. This study was carried out to assess the phenotypic and molecular diversity of some cowpea accessions collected from Togo and to investigate the genetic control of the inheritance of some seed morphological traits in cowpea. Four hundred and ninety-eight accessions of cowpea, which comprised 399 accessions collected from the five administrative regions of Togo: “Region des Savanes” (105 accessions), “Region de la Kara” (98 accessions), “Region Centrale” (50 accessions), “Region des Plateaux” (108 accessions), “Region Maritime” (38 accessions) and 99 accessions from Institut Togolais de Recherche Agronomique (ITRA) were used for this study. The 498 accessions were phenotyped using 35 agronomic and morphological characters, and genotyped using 10,671 DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Multivariate, principal component, and cluster analyses were conducted on phenotypic data, while hierarchical clustering, principal coordinate analysis, analysis of molecular variance, and population structure were carried out on the molecular data. Inheritance of qualitative and quantitative traits were analysed using the chisquare test and generation mean analyses, respectively. Significant variability was observed among the cowpea accessions for the phenotypic traits. The accessions clustered into three and four groups, respectively for the quantitative traits, and both the qualitative and quantitative traits. No cluster is comprised exclusively of accessions from a single region. About 43.1% (4,600) SNP markers were informative. Polymorphic information content among the regions ranged from 0.19 to 0.27 (mean = 0.25). The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.03 to 0.07 (mean = 0.05) and 0.22 to 0.34 (mean = 0.31), respectively. The average inbreeding coefficient ranged from 0.78 to 0.89 (mean = 0.83), suggesting that most of the accessions are inbred. Cluster analysis and population structure revealed four distinct groups, each containing accessions from six different collecting origins. Differentiation among the populations was weak to moderate, with a genetic differentiation index ranging from 0.014 to 0.117. Within population, variation was the largest (78%), while between population variation was the lowest (7%). Considerable variation was found in the inheritance patterns of the qualitative traits, which in some cases were unique and the expression dependent on the genetic make-up of the parental materials. Additive gene effect controlled the inheritance of seed weight and seed length, while seed width and seed thickness were controlled by a complex of genes, with additive-dominance and epistatic effects. Hundred seed weight and seed length were highly heritable. Moderate level of genetic diversity exists among cowpea accessions from Togo. Mechanisms involved in the inheritance of traits differed, and could depend on parental genotype. The outcomes of this study will be used to improve the genetics of cowpea in Togo. |
| dc.format.extent | 162p. |
| dc.language.iso | en |
| dc.publisher | Pan African University |
| dc.subject | Cowpeas |
| dc.subject | Germplasm |
| dc.subject | Genes |
| dc.subject | Nutrition |
| dc.subject | Economics |
| dc.subject | Inbreeding |
| dc.subject | Genetic Improvement |
| dc.subject | Seeds |
| dc.subject | Genotypes |
| dc.subject | Agronomy |
| dc.title | Genetic diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions collected from Togo |
| dc.type | Thesis |
| cg.contributor.affiliation | Pan African University |
| cg.contributor.affiliation | International Institute of Tropical Agriculture |
| cg.coverage.region | Africa |
| cg.coverage.region | West Africa |
| cg.coverage.country | Togo |
| cg.identifier.bibtexciteid | GBEDEVI:2021a |
| cg.authorship.types | CGIAR and developing country institute |
| cg.iitasubject | Agronomy |
| cg.iitasubject | Cowpea |
| cg.iitasubject | Food Security |
| cg.iitasubject | Genetic Improvement |
| cg.iitasubject | Grain Legumes |
| cg.iitasubject | Nutrition |
| cg.iitasubject | Plant Breeding |
| cg.iitasubject | Plant Genetic Resources |
| cg.iitasubject | Plant Production |
| cg.iitasubject | Socioeconomy |
| cg.iitasubject | Soil Fertility |
| cg.notes | IITA supervisors: Dr. Fatokun, C. & Dr. Boukar, O. |
| cg.publicationplace | Ibadan, Nigeria |
| cg.accessibilitystatus | Limited Access |
| cg.reviewstatus | Internal Review |
| cg.usagerightslicense | Copyrighted; all rights reserved |
| cg.targetaudience | Scientists |
| cg.futureupdate.required | No |
| cg.contributor.acknowledgements | My greatest appreciation is to God the Almighty, the source of my life and strength for His mercies and goodness and faithfulness from my birth till now. The completion of this thesis could not have been possible without the participation and assistance of some institutions and so many people whose names may not all be enumerated. Their contributions are sincerely appreciated and gratefully acknowledged. However, I would like to express my deep appreciation and indebtedness particularly to the following: Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my research supervisors Dr. Ayodeji Abe at the University of Ibadan, Dr. Christian A. Fatokun and Dr. Ousmane Boukar at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture for their continuous supports and guidance of my study and research, for their patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Their guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I would like to also thank the rest members of my thesis committee for their encouragement and insightful comments.
I am sincerely grateful to Pan African University for supporting me with a full scholarship for this programme through PAULESI. I express my deep gratitude to the current Director Prof. Esther Akinlabi and the former Prof. Mathew Abatan. I give special thanks to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture for availing me of the opportunity to undertake my Ph.D. research in the prestigious Institute.
My sincere appreciation also goes to Dr. Haruki Ishikawa who helped us with seed analysis for protein content, Dr. Patrick Ongom, and Dr. Nnanna Unachukwu for their support and assistance during molecular data analysis.
I am sincerely grateful to Prof. Diaga Diouf from Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar and Dr. Amy Bodian from CERAAS, Senegal for initiating me into cowpea research.
I wish to express mythe appreciation to all the staff and lecturers at PAULESI, particularly of the Plant Breeding programme and those of the Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences,
University of Ibadan. I am grateful to the current coordinator of the Plant Breeding programme, Prof. J. A. Fagbayide and the former Prof. V. O. Adetimirin. My appreciation to the staff of the Cowpea Breeding Unit of IITA, specifically Mr. Mumini Ibikunle and Mr. Joseph Ojo for their assistance during field establishment and data collection.
I thank my mentors Dr. Guillaume Ezui, Dr. Yao Kolombia, and Tchamba Marimagne for their guidance and support.
I thank my colleagues Dr. Degife Zebire from Ethiopia, Dr. Adenike Ige from Nigeria, Godfred Owusu from Ghana, and Mbwando Ally from Tanzania for the research journey we shared these
last four years.
I also thank my colleagues and friends at PAULESI: Dr. Ephreme Dayou, Dr. Bruno Adjo, Bertrand Anagonou, Fiot Tonegnikes and Vermette Tchegnon from the Benin Republic, Fatime
Gebbe from Chad, Abdoul Raouf Sayadi Maazou from Niger Republic, and Gaston Amegan from Togo for their support and all the fun we have had in the last four years. To my new
colleagues Mamadou Mboup and Abdoul Iro, I wish them good luck in their research journey.
Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge with gratitude the support and love from members of the families of Gbedevi, Aziawotor, and Buame, specifically my wife, my children, and my sisters. This thesis would not have been possible without you. |
