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    Impact of frequency of application on the long-term efficacy of the biocontrol product Aflasafe in reducing aflatoxin contamination in maize

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    Journal Article (693.2Kb)
    Date
    2022
    Author
    Atehnkeng, J.
    Ojiambo, P.
    Ortega-Beltran, A.
    Augusto, J.
    Cotty, P.J.
    Bandyopadhyay, R.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Aflatoxins, produced by several Aspergillus section Flavi species in various crops, are a significant public health risk and a barrier to trade and development. In sub-Saharan Africa, maize and groundnut are particularly vulnerable to aflatoxin contamination. Aflasafe, a registered aflatoxin biocontrol product, utilizes atoxigenic A. flavus genotypes native to Nigeria to displace aflatoxin producers and mitigate aflatoxin contamination. Aflasafe was evaluated in farmers’ fields for 3 years, under various regimens, to quantify carry-over of the biocontrol active ingredient genotypes. Nine maize fields were each treated either continuously for 3 years, the first two successive years, in year 1 and year 3, or once during the first year. For each treated field, a nearby untreated field was monitored. Aflatoxins were quantified in grain at harvest and after simulated poor storage. Biocontrol efficacy and frequencies of the active ingredient genotypes decreased in the absence of annual treatment. Maize treated consecutively for 2 or 3 years had significantly (p < 0.05) less aflatoxin (92% less) in grain at harvest than untreated maize. Maize grain from treated fields subjected to simulated poor storage had significantly less (p < 0.05) aflatoxin than grain from untreated fields, regardless of application regimen. Active ingredients occurred at higher frequencies in soil and grain from treated fields than from untreated fields. The incidence of active ingredients recovered in soil was significantly correlated (r = 0.898; p < 0.001) with the incidence of active ingredients in grain, which in turn was also significantly correlated (r = −0.621, p = 0.02) with aflatoxin concentration. Although there were carryover effects, caution should be taken when drawing recommendations about discontinuing biocontrol use. Cost–benefit analyses of single season and carry-over influences are needed to optimize use by communities of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1049013
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/8027
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Alejandro Ortega-Beltranhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3747-8094
    Ranajit Bandyopadhyayhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-4298
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1049013
    Research Themes
    Plant Production and Health
    IITA Subjects
    Aflatoxin; Agronomy; Food Security; Maize; Plant Breeding; Plant Health; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Maize; Aflatoxins; Biological Control; Nigeria
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Frontiers in Microbiology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4842
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