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Closing the yield gap of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in southern Africa: a case of Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique.

dc.contributor.authorOmondi, J.O.
dc.contributor.authorMkuhlani, S.
dc.contributor.authorMugo, J.
dc.contributor.authorChibeba, A.M.
dc.contributor.authorChiduwa, M.S.
dc.contributor.authorChigeza, G.
dc.contributor.authorBoahen, S.
dc.contributor.authorMasikati, P.
dc.contributor.authorNyagumbo, I.
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-31T09:41:08Z
dc.date.available2023-07-31T09:41:08Z
dc.date.issued2023-07-07
dc.identifier.citationOmondi, J.O., Siyabusa, M., Mugo, J., Chibeba, A.M., Chiduwa, M.S., Chigeza, G., ... & Nyagumbo, I. (2023). Closing the yield gap of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in southern Africa: acase of Malawi, Zambia and Mozambique. Frontiers in Agronomy, 5, 1219490, 1-14.
dc.identifier.issn2673-3218
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/8228
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are increasingly producing soybean for food, feed, cash, and soil fertility improvement. Yet, the difference between the smallholder farmers’ yield and either the attainable in research fields or the potential from crop models is wide. Reasons for the yield gap include low to nonapplication of appropriate fertilizers and inoculants, late planting, low plant populations, recycling seeds, etc. Methods: Here, we reviewed the literature on the yield gap and the technologies for narrowing it and modelled yields through the right sowing dates and suitable high-yielding varieties in APSIM. Results and Discussion: Results highlighted that between 2010 and 2020 in SSA, soybean production increased; however, it was through an expansion in the cropped area rather than a yield increase per hectare. Also, the actual smallholder farmers’ yield was 3.8, 2.2, and 2.3 times lower than the attainable yield in Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique, respectively. Through inoculants, soybean yield increased by 23.8%. Coupling this with either 40 kg ha−1 of P or 60 kg ha−1 of K boosted the yields by 89.1% and 26.0%, respectively. Overall, application of 21–30 kg ha-1 of P to soybean in SSA could increase yields by about 48.2%. Furthermore, sowing at the right time increased soybean yield by 300%. Although these technologies enhance soybean yields, they are not fully embraced by smallholder farmers. Hence, refining and bundling them in a digital advisory tool will enhance the availability of the correct information to smallholder farmers at the right time and improve soybean yields per unit area.
dc.description.sponsorshipOneCGIAR initiative, Excellence in Agronomy
dc.format.extent1-14
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectLegumes
dc.subjectSoybeans
dc.subjectSub-Saharan Africa
dc.subjectFood Security
dc.subjectSmallholders
dc.subjectFarmers
dc.titleClosing the yield gap of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in southern Africa: a case of Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique.
dc.typeJournal Article
cg.contributor.crpGrain Legumes
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
cg.contributor.affiliationWorld Agroforestry
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Africa
cg.coverage.countryMalawi
cg.coverage.countryZambia
cg.coverage.countryZimbabwe
cg.coverage.hubSouthern Africa Hub
cg.coverage.hubEastern Africa Hub
cg.researchthemeBiotech and Plant Breeding
cg.researchthemeNatural Resource Management
cg.researchthemePlant Production and Health
cg.identifier.bibtexciteidOMONDI:2023
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR Multi Centre
cg.iitasubjectAgronomy
cg.iitasubjectCrop Systems
cg.iitasubjectFarming Systems
cg.iitasubjectFood Security
cg.iitasubjectGrain Legumes
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.iitasubjectSmallholder Farmers
cg.iitasubjectSoybean
cg.journalFrontiers in Agronomy
cg.notesOpen Access Journal; Published online: 07 Jul 2023
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
cg.reviewstatusPeer Review
cg.usagerightslicenseCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 0.0)
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2023.1219490
cg.iitaauthor.identifierJohn Omondi: 0000-0003-3521-8686
cg.iitaauthor.identifierAmaral Machaculeha Chibeba: 0000-0001-6019-4482
cg.iitaauthor.identifierGodfree Chigeza: 0000-0002-9235-0694
cg.iitaauthor.identifierStephen Boahen Asabere: 0000-0001-8946-401X
cg.futureupdate.requiredNo
cg.identifier.issue1219490
cg.identifier.volume5
cg.contributor.acknowledgementsThe authors are grateful to colleagues at Solidaridad, IITA, CIMMYT, and ICRAF.


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