| dc.contributor.author | Ojuederie, T.C. |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-01-07T10:48:07Z |
| dc.date.available | 2025-01-07T10:48:07Z |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ojuederie, T.C. (2021). Delineation of tuber development in African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich) Harms. Ibadan, Nigeria: University of Ibadan. (76 p.). |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/8649 |
| dc.description.abstract | African yam bean (AYB) belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is an orphan crop with so
many potentials that have not been well utilised. It produces both edible seeds and tubers with high nutritional values. However, the crop is grown mainly for the seeds in West Africa, but the tubers are mainly consumed in East and Central Africa. The dual food
advantage of AYB is yet to be fully tapped, due to the irregular tuberization in accessions. This study therefore characterised tuber development in AYB accessions in vitro and on the field, visually and microscopically. The proximate analysis of the seeds and tubers of AYB accessions were also evaluated.
Three tuber-forming (TSs 96, TSs 107, and TSs157) and three non-tuber forming (TSs
51, TSs 150, and TSs 152) accessions of AYB were collected from the Genetic Resources
Centre of the International Institute of Tropical of Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria and
evaluated on the field at two different periods: (June – December 2020) and (September
2020 – March 2021) for agromorphological traits. The field was laid out in a randomized
complete block design (r = 3). Data was collected at peduncle initiation (50%, 75% and
100%), flowering (50%, 75% and 100%), and physiological maturity through destructive
sampling. A microscopic cross image sectioning of freshly harvested AYB tubers was
assessed using standard procedures. The six AYB accessions were evaluated in vitro in a
completely randomized design (r=20) using a medium containing 4.43 g L-1 MS
(Murashige and Skoog), 0.6 mgL-1 BAP (Benzyl amino purine), 0.03 mgL-1 NAA
(Naphthaleneacetic acid), 0.1g L-1 Myoinositol, varying concentrations of Sucrose (30 gL-
1, 50 gL-1, 70 gL-1) and 7 gL-1 agar for microtuber formation. Proximate analyses of seeds
and tubers produced were determined using standard procedures. Data were analysed
using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05.
TSs 107 was the only accession that produced tubers from 75% peduncle initiation to
physiological maturity. Accessions that failed to produce tubers had few root nodules
with less dense root architecture compared to TSs 107 which had the highest root nodule
production with thicker root structure. A cross microscopic section imaging of the freshly
harvested tuber of TSs 107 indicated that AYB tubers are derived from stem hypocotyl
and not formed from the root. Analysis of variance of accessions planted in June 2020
indicated that pod length ranged from 22.1 ± 3.0 cm (TSs 152) to 25.3 ± 4.6 cm (TSs
107) and the number of seeds per pod ranged from 14.9 ± 4.0 (TSs 107) to 17.3± 2.5cm
(TSs 157). Seed yield ranged from 9.3 ± 2.5 g (TSs 51) to 154.5 ± 12 g (TSs 96). TSs 107
which produced tubers had low seed yield (26.98 ± 4.83 g) and the longest number of
days to first flowering (109 days) which was significantly different from TSs 96 (94
days) and TSs 157 (93 days). Nodulation in June 2020 was significantly highest in TSs
107 at both peduncle initiation (54.32) and flowering (43.56) stages of growth with the
least number of nodules at both stages of growth (16.56 and 5.48) produced by TSs 152.
Nodulation was significantly higher in accessions planted in June 2020 (10.69 ± 3.11)
compared to those planted in September 2020 (0.38 ± 0.42). The moisture content in
AYB seeds ranged from 9.63 ± 0.05% (TSs 152) to 10.17 ± 0.18% (TSs 51). The tuber of
TSs 107 had lower moisture content (6.05 ± 0.22%) compared to the seeds (10.05 ±
0.10%). The crude protein in seeds ranged from 15.34 ± 0.70% (TSs 51) to 19.64 ±
0.08% (TSs 150) while the carbohydrate content ranged from 60.09 ± 0.16% (TSs 150) to
70.08 ± 0.54% (TSs 51) respectively.
Only TSs 107 produced tubers out of the three tuber producing accessions. Accessions
planted in June 2020 produced seeds, much nodules and tubers compared to those planted in September which failed to produce seeds, but TSs 107 produced tubers. Therefore, AYB accessions should be planted in the appropriate planting season (June) to avoid abortion of flowers during the late planting season. Nodulation decreased from vegetative stage to physiological maturity in all accessions. An inverse relationship exist between protein and carbohydrate contents in AYB seeds as observed in TSs 51 and TSs 150. The seeds of TSs 107 had higher protein content (17.65%), but the tubers still had appreciable amount of protein (15.41%). |
| dc.format.extent | 76 p. |
| dc.language.iso | en |
| dc.publisher | University of Ibadan |
| dc.subject | African Yam Beans |
| dc.subject | Sphenostylis Stenocarpa |
| dc.subject | Yields |
| dc.subject | Varieties |
| dc.title | Delineation of tuber development in African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich) Harms |
| dc.type | Thesis |
| cg.contributor.affiliation | University of Ibadan |
| cg.coverage.region | Africa |
| cg.coverage.region | West Africa |
| cg.coverage.country | Nigeria |
| cg.coverage.hub | Headquarters and Western Africa Hub |
| cg.identifier.bibtexciteid | OJUEDERIE:2021 |
| cg.authorship.types | CGIAR and developing country institute |
| cg.iitasubject | Agronomy |
| cg.iitasubject | Food Security |
| cg.iitasubject | Genetic Improvement |
| cg.iitasubject | Plant Breeding |
| cg.iitasubject | Plant Production |
| cg.iitasubject | Yam |
| cg.notes | IITA supervisors: Profs. Balogun, M.O. & Abberton, M. |
| cg.publicationplace | Ibadan, Nigeria |
| cg.accessibilitystatus | Limited Access |
| cg.reviewstatus | Internal Review |
| cg.usagerightslicense | Copyrighted; all rights reserved |
| cg.targetaudience | Scientists |
| cg.futureupdate.required | No |
| cg.contributor.acknowledgements | All glory to God for making it possible for me to embark on this research and
successfully complete it. I am indeed very grateful to my supervisor, Prof. Morufat O.
Balogun of the Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of
Ibadan, and Prof Michael Abberton, Head of the Genetics Resources Centre, International
Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) for accepting me as a Research Fellow at IITA,
and their selfless supervision and encouragement, especially during the Covid-19 lock
down in 2020.
I sincerely appreciate the Seed bank Manager, Dr. Olaniyi Oyatomi for ensuring the
research start also for the seeds given to me for this research. My profound gratitude also
goes to Mr. Jeffrey, Mr. Opeyemi, Mr. Amos, Mr. Adediji, Mr. Wole, Mr. John for their
immeasurable assistance and supervision of this research as well as those in the
germination test laboratory. I am indeed very grateful to Mr. Demola Aina for his
guidance on the tuberisation of African yam bean and his great support in this research as
well as exposing me to this area of research. My profound gratitude also goes to Dr.
Nadia and Dr. Curie Park of Cambridge University for their financial assistance, the
equipment used for the cross section of the tuberisation of this research as well as the
protocol used.
I am indeed very grateful to the Field bank Manager, Mr. Benjamin Faloye and the Invitro
Genebank Manager, Mrs. Abigail Adeyemi for their kind support and contributions
to this research. I am most grateful to Mrs. Deola, Mr. Chukwuma Ossai, Mr. Julius, and
the YIISHWA staff for their support during the Micropropagation study. The
encouragement and support given to me by my colleagues cannot be overemphasized,
many thanks to Ms. Nseabasi Iboro, Elizabeth Oboh, Mary Jane, Michael Ekundayo,
Mrs. Amaka, Mrs. Yemesi and the Genetics Unit of the Department of Crop Protection
and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan as well as IITA Research Fellows of
the Genetic Resources Centre, IITA.
My deepest appreciation goes to my lovely and adorable husband, Dr. Omena Ojuederie
for his love, financial support for my master’s degree programme and guidance on AYB
research as well as my children Ebruke Valerie Ojuederie, Ogheneruno Yvonne
Ojuederie and Efemena Antonio Ojuederie for their love, understanding and support
during the course of my research. |
