• Contact Us
    • Send Feedback
    • Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Journal and Journal Articles
    • Journal and Journal Articles
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Journal and Journal Articles
    • Journal and Journal Articles
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    Whole Repository
    CollectionsIssue DateRegionCountryHubAffiliationAuthorsTitlesSubject
    This Sub-collection
    Issue DateRegionCountryHubAffiliationAuthorsTitlesSubject

    My Account

    Login

    Welcome to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Repository

    What would you like to view today?

    Diversity of aflatoxinproducing fungi and their impact on food safety in subSaharan Africa

    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    Atehnkeng-distribution-2008.pdf (770.0Kb)
    Date
    2014
    Author
    Probst, C.
    Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit
    Cotty, P.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract/Description
    Crops frequently contaminated by aflatoxins are important sources of revenue and daily nourishment in manyportions of sub-Saharan Africa. In recent years, reports have associated aflatoxinswith diminished human healthand export opportunities in many African Nations. Aflatoxins are highly carcinogenic metabolites mainly producedby members of Aspergillus sect. Flavi. The current study examined aflatoxin-producing fungi associatedwith maize grain intended for human consumption in 18 sub-Saharan African countries. 4469 Aspergillus sect.Flavi isolates were obtained from 339 samples. The majority (75%) of isolates belonged to the L strainmorphotype of A. flavus. Minor percentages were A. tamarii (6%), A. parasiticus (1%), and isolates with S strainmorphology (3%). No A. bombycis or A. nomius isolates were detected. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequencesof the nitrate reductase gene (niaD, 1.3 kb) and the aflatoxin pathway transcription factor gene (aflR, 1.7 kb)were used to verify isolate assignments into species and lineages. Phylogenetics resolved S strain isolates producingonly B aflatoxins into two lineages fully supported by sizes of deletions in the gene region spanning the aflatoxinbiosynthesis genes cypA (aflU) and norB (aflF). One lineage was the A. flavus S strain with either 0.9 or1.5 kb deletions. The second lineage, recently described from Kenya, has a 2.2 kb deletion. Taxa with S strainmorphology differed in distribution with strain SBG limited toWest Africa and both A. minisclerotigenes and thenew lineage from Kenya in Central and East Africa. African A. flavus L strain isolates formed a single clade withL strain isolates from other continents. The sampled maize frequently tested positive for aflatoxins (65%),fumonisins (81%), and deoxynivalenol (40%) indicating the presence of fungi capable of producing the respectivetoxins. Percentage of samples exceeding US limits for total aflatoxins (regulatory limit), fumonisins (advisorylimit), and deoxynivalenol (advisory limit) were 47%, 49%, 4%, respectively.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.010
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/990
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.010
    IITA Subjects
    Aflatoxin
    Agrovoc Terms
    Aspergillus Flavus; Maize; Aflatoxins; Mycotoxins; Food Security
    Regions
    Africa South Of Sahara
    Journals
    International Journal of Food Microbiology
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
    copyright © 2019  IITASpace. All rights reserved.
    IITA | Open Access Repository