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    Water footprints of cities indicators for sustainable consumption and production

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    U14ArtHoffWaterInthomNodev.pdf (1.530Mb)
    Date
    2014
    Author
    Hoff, H.
    Döll, P.
    Fader, M.
    Gerten, D.
    Hauser, S.
    Siebert, S.
    Type
    Journal Article
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    Abstract/Description
    Water footprints have been proposed as sustainabilityindicators, relating the consumption of goods likefood to the amount of water necessary for their productionand the impacts of that water use in the source regions. Wefurther developed the existing water footprint methodology,by globally resolving virtual water flows from production toconsumption regions for major food crops at 5 arcmin spatialresolution. We distinguished domestic and internationalflows, and assessed local impacts of export production. Applyingthis method to three exemplary cities, Berlin, Delhiand Lagos, we find major differences in amounts, composition,and origin of green and blue virtual water imports,due to differences in diets, trade integration and crop waterproductivities in the source regions. While almost all ofDelhi’s and Lagos’ virtual water imports are of domestic origin,Berlin on average imports from more than 4000 km distance,in particular soy (livestock feed), coffee and cocoa.While 42% of Delhi’s virtual water imports are blue waterbased, the fractions for Berlin and Lagos are 2 and 0.5 %, respectively,roughly equal to the water volumes abstracted inthese two cities for domestic water use. Some of the externalsource regions of Berlin’s virtual water imports appear tobe critically water scarce and/or food insecure. However, forderiving recommendations on sustainable consumption andtrade, further analysis of context-specific costs and benefitsassociated with export production will be required.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-213-2014
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/992
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-213-2014
    Agrovoc Terms
    Virtual Water; Production; Consumption
    Regions
    Africa South Of Sahara
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Journals
    Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles5082
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