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Exchanging and managing in-vitro elite germplasm to combat cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Eastern and Southern Africa

dc.contributor.authorTumwegamire, S.
dc.contributor.authorKanju, E.
dc.contributor.authorLegg, J.P.
dc.contributor.authorShirima, R.
dc.contributor.authorKombo, S.
dc.contributor.authorMkamilo, G.S.
dc.contributor.authorMtunda, K.
dc.contributor.authorSichalwe, K.
dc.contributor.authorKulembeka, H.P.
dc.contributor.authorNdyetabura, I.
dc.contributor.authorSaleh, H.
dc.contributor.authorKawuki, R.
dc.contributor.authorAlicai, Titus
dc.contributor.authorAdiga, G.
dc.contributor.authorBenesi, I.
dc.contributor.authorMhone, A.
dc.contributor.authorZacarias, A.
dc.contributor.authorMatsimbe, S.F.
dc.contributor.authorMunga, T.
dc.contributor.authorAteka, E.
dc.contributor.authorNavangi, L.
dc.contributor.authorMaruthi, M.N.
dc.contributor.authorMwatuni, F.
dc.contributor.authorNgundo, G.
dc.contributor.authorMwangangi, M.
dc.contributor.authorMbugua, E.
dc.contributor.authorNdunguru, J.
dc.contributor.authorRajabu, C.
dc.contributor.authorMark, D.
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-04T11:19:12Z
dc.date.available2019-12-04T11:19:12Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.citationTumwegamire, S., Kanju, E., Legg, J., Shirima, R., Kombo, S., Mkamilo, G., ... & Mark, D. (2018). Exchanging and managing in-vitro elite germplasm to combat cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Eastern and Southern Africa. Food Security, 1-18.
dc.identifier.issn1876-4517
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/3417
dc.descriptionArticle purchased; Published online: 17 March 2018
dc.description.abstractCassava varieties resistant to cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) are needed for the food and income security of the rural poor in eastern and southern Africa (ESA). The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture led five national cassava breeding programs (Malawi, Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda) in virus-cleaning and exchanging elite cassava germplasm resistant to both diseases. This paper documents the experiences and lessons learned from the process. Thirty-one clones (25 elite, two standard and four national) were submitted by the five breeding programs to the Natural Resources Institute and Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Services for virus cleaning and indexing. Subsequently, ca 75 in-vitro virus-indexed plantlets per clone were sent to Genetic Technologies International Limited (GTIL), a private tissue culture (TC) lab in Kenya, and micro-propagated to produce ≥1500 plantlets. After fulfilling all the formal procedures of germplasm exchange between countries ≥300 plantlets per clone were sent to each partner country. National check clones susceptible to CMD/CBSD were sent only to their countries of origin. In each country, the in-vitro plantlets were acclimatized under screen house conditions and transferred to clean isolated sites for field multiplication. All the clones were cleaned of the viruses, except Tomo. The cleaning process was slow for F19-NL, NASE1, and Kibandameno and TC micro-propagation at GTIL was less efficient for Pwani, Tajirika, NASE1, and Okhumelela than for the other clones. Difficulties in cleaning recalcitrant clones affected the timeline for establishing the multi-site evaluation trials in target countries. The initiative is the one of the kind to successfully clean and exchange elite germplasm as a joint action to combat CBSD in ESA. Adequate preparation in terms of infrastructure and personnel are critical to successfully receiving and adapting the indexed in-vitro plants as new germplasm.
dc.description.sponsorshipBill & Melinda Gates Foundation
dc.format.extent1-18
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectCassava
dc.subjectExchange
dc.subjectIn Vitro
dc.subjectGermplasm
dc.subjectPlant Diseases
dc.subjectCassava Varieties
dc.subjectAfrican Cassava Mosaic Virus
dc.subjectCassava Brown Streak Disease
dc.titleExchanging and managing in-vitro elite germplasm to combat cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Eastern and Southern Africa
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.description.versionPeer Review
cg.contributor.crpRoots, Tubers and Bananas
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationDepartment of Agricultural Research and Development, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationZanzibar Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Agricultural Research Organisation, Uganda
cg.contributor.affiliationDepartment for Agricultural Research Services, Malawi
cg.contributor.affiliationInstituto de Investigacao Agraria de Mocambique, Mozambique
cg.contributor.affiliationKenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization
cg.contributor.affiliationJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Greenwich
cg.contributor.affiliationKenya Plant Inspectorate Services
cg.contributor.affiliationGenetic Technologies International Limited, Kenya
cg.contributor.affiliationMikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEast Africa
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Africa
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.countryMalawi
cg.coverage.countryMozambique
cg.coverage.countryTanzania
cg.coverage.countryUganda
cg.creator.identifierSilver Tumwegamire: 0000-0003-2820-6337
cg.creator.identifierEdward Kanju: 0000-0002-0413-1302
cg.creator.identifierJames Legg: 0000-0003-4140-3757
cg.researchthemeBIOTECH & PLANT BREEDING
cg.researchthemePLANT PRODUCTION & HEALTH
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectCassava
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Diseases
cg.iitasubjectPlant Genetic Resources
cg.iitasubjectPlant Health
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.journalFood Security
cg.howpublishedFormally Published
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
local.dspaceid95209
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0779-2


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