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    Towards closing cassava yield gap in west Africa: agronomic efficiency and storage root yield responses to NPK fertilizers

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    Journal Article (3.254Mb)
    Date
    2020-08-15
    Author
    Adiele, J.G.
    Schut, A.G.T.
    van den Beuken, R.P.M.
    Ezui, K.S.
    Pypers, P.
    Ano, A.O.
    Egesi, C.N.
    Giller, K.E.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Nutrient management of cassava has received little attention compared with cereal crops. We evaluated cassava yield potential and nutrient use efficiency when supplied with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at high rates and when supplied with increasing rates of K. On-farm experiments were conducted at six locations in Nigeria across the major cassava growing agro-ecologies of Western Africa (Tropical Rainforest – Cross River, Forest Transition Savanna – Edo, and Guinea Savanna – Benue) during two seasons (2016–2017 and 2017–2018). Nitrogen, P and K fertilizers were applied at various rates, including treatments with and without added secondary and micronutrients. Storage root dry matter (DM) yields ranged between 11 and 35 t DM ha−1. The largest yields were obtained with a mean agronomic efficiency of 60, 162 and 51 kg DM of storage roots per kg of N, P and K applied, with average uptakes of 364, 44 and 242 kg N, P and K ha−1 respectively. Storage root yield responses to applied N, P and K fertilizers (2–18, 3–16 and 3–22 t DM ha−1, respectively) varied across the locations, reflecting variability in potential yields and applied NPK ratios. Addition of a mixture of secondary and micronutrients did not affect cassava yields. We found that the caloric energy yield of cassava per kg of N applied is 2.7 times larger than the value reported for maize. Increasing the supply of K gave a high agronomic efficiency of N even when supplied at high rates, supporting the theory of “increasing returns to scale” of De Wit. We conclude that cassava has a major role in future food security of sub-Saharan Africa, with potentially larger DM yields, a better recovery of applied nutrients and larger energy yield per kg of applied N fertilizer when compared with grains.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107820
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7429
    IITA Authors ORCID
    KODJOVI SENAM EZUIhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6898-6481
    Pieter Pypershttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0589
    Chiedozie Egesihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-2727
    Ken E Gillerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5998-4652
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107820
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding; Natural Resource Management
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Cassava; Plant Breeding; Plant Production; Soil Fertility
    Agrovoc Terms
    Root Crops; Crops; Nutrients; Nitrogen; Potassium; Phosphorus; Micronutrients; Cassava
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Central Africa Hub; Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Field Crops Research
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4835
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