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Towards closing cassava yield gap in west Africa: agronomic efficiency and storage root yield responses to NPK fertilizers

dc.contributor.authorAdiele, J.G.
dc.contributor.authorSchut, A.G.T.
dc.contributor.authorvan den Beuken, R.P.M.
dc.contributor.authorEzui, K.S.
dc.contributor.authorPypers, P.
dc.contributor.authorAno, A.O.
dc.contributor.authorEgesi, C.N.
dc.contributor.authorGiller, K.E.
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-22T09:59:42Z
dc.date.available2022-04-22T09:59:42Z
dc.date.issued2020-08-15
dc.identifier.citationAdiele, J.G., Schut, A.G.T., van den Beuken, R.P.M., Ezui, K.S., Pypers, P., Ano, A.O., ... & Giller, K.E. (2020). Towards closing cassava yield gap in West Africa: agronomic efficiency and storage root yield responses to NPK fertilizers. Field Crops Research, 253: 107820, 1-11.
dc.identifier.issn0378-4290
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7429
dc.description.abstractNutrient management of cassava has received little attention compared with cereal crops. We evaluated cassava yield potential and nutrient use efficiency when supplied with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at high rates and when supplied with increasing rates of K. On-farm experiments were conducted at six locations in Nigeria across the major cassava growing agro-ecologies of Western Africa (Tropical Rainforest – Cross River, Forest Transition Savanna – Edo, and Guinea Savanna – Benue) during two seasons (2016–2017 and 2017–2018). Nitrogen, P and K fertilizers were applied at various rates, including treatments with and without added secondary and micronutrients. Storage root dry matter (DM) yields ranged between 11 and 35 t DM ha−1. The largest yields were obtained with a mean agronomic efficiency of 60, 162 and 51 kg DM of storage roots per kg of N, P and K applied, with average uptakes of 364, 44 and 242 kg N, P and K ha−1 respectively. Storage root yield responses to applied N, P and K fertilizers (2–18, 3–16 and 3–22 t DM ha−1, respectively) varied across the locations, reflecting variability in potential yields and applied NPK ratios. Addition of a mixture of secondary and micronutrients did not affect cassava yields. We found that the caloric energy yield of cassava per kg of N applied is 2.7 times larger than the value reported for maize. Increasing the supply of K gave a high agronomic efficiency of N even when supplied at high rates, supporting the theory of “increasing returns to scale” of De Wit. We conclude that cassava has a major role in future food security of sub-Saharan Africa, with potentially larger DM yields, a better recovery of applied nutrients and larger energy yield per kg of applied N fertilizer when compared with grains.
dc.format.extent1-11
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectRoot Crops
dc.subjectCrops
dc.subjectNutrients
dc.subjectNitrogen
dc.subjectPotassium
dc.subjectPhosphorus
dc.subjectMicronutrients
dc.subjectCassava
dc.titleTowards closing cassava yield gap in west Africa: agronomic efficiency and storage root yield responses to NPK fertilizers
dc.typeJournal Article
cg.contributor.crpRoots, Tubers and Bananas
cg.contributor.affiliationWageningen University and Research Centre
cg.contributor.affiliationAfrican Plant Nutrition Institute, Kenya
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Root Crops Research Institute, Nigeria
cg.contributor.affiliationCornell University
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionWest Africa
cg.coverage.countryNigeria
cg.coverage.hubCentral Africa Hub
cg.coverage.hubHeadquarters and Western Africa Hub
cg.researchthemeBiotech and Plant Breeding
cg.researchthemeNatural Resource Management
cg.identifier.bibtexciteidADIELE:2020
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectAgronomy
cg.iitasubjectCassava
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.iitasubjectSoil Fertility
cg.journalField Crops Research
cg.notesOpen Access Article; Published online: 14 May 2020
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
cg.reviewstatusPeer Review
cg.usagerightslicenseCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 0.0)
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107820
cg.iitaauthor.identifierKODJOVI SENAM EZUI: 0000-0002-6898-6481
cg.iitaauthor.identifierPieter Pypers: 0000-0001-8913-0589
cg.iitaauthor.identifierChiedozie Egesi: 0000-0002-9063-2727
cg.iitaauthor.identifierKen E Giller: 0000-0002-5998-4652
cg.futureupdate.requiredNo
cg.identifier.issue107820
cg.identifier.volume253


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