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    Phenotyping cowpea for seedling root architecture reveals root phenes important for breeding phosphorus efficient varieties

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    Journal Article (1.328Mb)
    Date
    2022-02
    Author
    Mohammed, S.B.
    Burridge, J.D.
    Ishiyaku, M.F.
    Boukar, O.
    Lynch, J.P.
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review Status
    Peer Review
    Target Audience
    Scientists
    Metadata
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    Abstract/Description
    Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is a key climate-resilient legume for food security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Cowpea yields are limited by edaphic stresses including drought and low phosphorus (P) availability. Identifying genotypes with advantageous root phenotypes can facilitate breeding for improved yield in marginal environments. We evaluated 50 elite genotypes from African and U.S. sources for seedling root architecture and root hair length and density. Significant genotypic variation was detected for all phenes, and high heritability was observed for architectural phenotypes including primary root length (77%), basal root number (72%), and taproot branching density (67%). Moderate heritability was detected for root hair length and density among different root classes (34 to 63%), which were positively associated with each other. Principal component analysis identified three clusters, primarily defined by seed dimension and seedling root architecture. Genotypes were identified with longer root hairs (TVu-7778, Vita7, and Sanzi) and longer taproots (IT96D-610, IT98K-111-1, and IT97K-499-35), as potential parents. Root phenotypes, grain, and fodder yield were assessed on a subset of 20 genotypes under contrasting P availability in the field. Some seedling root phenotypes were significantly related to mature plant dry fodder weight (taproot hair density) and to grain yield (lateral root hair density) under low P. Root hairs are positively related to plant productivity under low P. We suggest selection for longer primary roots, as more basal and lateral root roots may be beneficial for cowpea in drought and low P environments. These findings suggest seedling root phenotypes can support cowpea breeding for suboptimal environments.
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20635
    Multi standard citation
    Permanent link to this item
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7989
    IITA Authors ORCID
    Ousmane Boukarhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0234-4264
    Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20635
    Research Themes
    Biotech and Plant Breeding
    IITA Subjects
    Agronomy; Climate Change; Food Security; Grain Legumes; Plant Breeding; Plant Production
    Agrovoc Terms
    Cowpeas; Food Security; Climate Change; Genotypes; Phenotypes; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Regions
    Africa; West Africa
    Countries
    Nigeria
    Hubs
    Headquarters and Western Africa Hub
    Journals
    Crop Science
    Collections
    • Journal and Journal Articles4836
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