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Phenotyping cowpea for seedling root architecture reveals root phenes important for breeding phosphorus efficient varieties

dc.contributor.authorMohammed, S.B.
dc.contributor.authorBurridge, J.D.
dc.contributor.authorIshiyaku, M.F.
dc.contributor.authorBoukar, O.
dc.contributor.authorLynch, J.P.
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-21T13:04:18Z
dc.date.available2022-12-21T13:04:18Z
dc.date.issued2022-02
dc.identifier.citationMohammed, S.B., Burridge, J.D., Ishiyaku, M.F., Boukar, O. & Lynch, J.P. (2022). Phenotyping cowpea for seedling root architecture reveals root phenes important for breeding phosphorus efficient varieties. Crop Science, 62(1), 326-345.
dc.identifier.issn0011-183X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/7989
dc.description.abstractCowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is a key climate-resilient legume for food security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Cowpea yields are limited by edaphic stresses including drought and low phosphorus (P) availability. Identifying genotypes with advantageous root phenotypes can facilitate breeding for improved yield in marginal environments. We evaluated 50 elite genotypes from African and U.S. sources for seedling root architecture and root hair length and density. Significant genotypic variation was detected for all phenes, and high heritability was observed for architectural phenotypes including primary root length (77%), basal root number (72%), and taproot branching density (67%). Moderate heritability was detected for root hair length and density among different root classes (34 to 63%), which were positively associated with each other. Principal component analysis identified three clusters, primarily defined by seed dimension and seedling root architecture. Genotypes were identified with longer root hairs (TVu-7778, Vita7, and Sanzi) and longer taproots (IT96D-610, IT98K-111-1, and IT97K-499-35), as potential parents. Root phenotypes, grain, and fodder yield were assessed on a subset of 20 genotypes under contrasting P availability in the field. Some seedling root phenotypes were significantly related to mature plant dry fodder weight (taproot hair density) and to grain yield (lateral root hair density) under low P. Root hairs are positively related to plant productivity under low P. We suggest selection for longer primary roots, as more basal and lateral root roots may be beneficial for cowpea in drought and low P environments. These findings suggest seedling root phenotypes can support cowpea breeding for suboptimal environments.
dc.description.sponsorshipUnited States Agency for International Development
dc.format.extent326-345
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectCowpeas
dc.subjectFood Security
dc.subjectClimate Change
dc.subjectGenotypes
dc.subjectPhenotypes
dc.subjectSub-Saharan Africa
dc.titlePhenotyping cowpea for seedling root architecture reveals root phenes important for breeding phosphorus efficient varieties
dc.typeJournal Article
cg.contributor.crpGrain Legumes
cg.contributor.affiliationAhmadu Bello University
cg.contributor.affiliationThe Pennsylvania State University
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionWest Africa
cg.coverage.countryNigeria
cg.coverage.hubHeadquarters and Western Africa Hub
cg.researchthemeBiotech and Plant Breeding
cg.identifier.bibtexciteidMOHAMMED:2022
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.iitasubjectAgronomy
cg.iitasubjectClimate Change
cg.iitasubjectFood Security
cg.iitasubjectGrain Legumes
cg.iitasubjectPlant Breeding
cg.iitasubjectPlant Production
cg.journalCrop Science
cg.notesOpen Access Article; Published online: 15 Sep 2021
cg.accessibilitystatusOpen Access
cg.reviewstatusPeer Review
cg.usagerightslicenseCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 0.0)
cg.targetaudienceScientists
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20635
cg.iitaauthor.identifierOusmane Boukar: 0000-0003-0234-4264
cg.futureupdate.requiredNo
cg.identifier.issue1
cg.identifier.volume62


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