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Now showing items 161-180 of 8125
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Genomic prediction of the performance of tropical doubled haploid maize mines under artificial Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. infestation
(2024)Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth., a parasitic weed, causes substantial yield losses in maize production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Breeding for Striga resistance in maize is constrained by limited genetic diversity for Striga resistance within the elite germplasm and phenotyping capacity under artificial Striga infestation. Genomics-enabled approaches have the potential to accelerate identification of Striga resistant lines for hybrid development. The objectives of this study were to evaluate ... -
Effect of packaging and storage conditions on the pasting and functional properties of pretreated yellow-fleshed cassava flour
(2024-08-14)Cassava is highly susceptible to post harvest physiological deterioration which makes it necessary to initiate processing so as to extend the shelf life. In order to improve and enhance the nutritional characteristics of the processed cassava flour, this research was carried out so as to evaluate the adequate packaging materials and storage conditions necessary for safe storage and good flour quality. Pasting properties of food/flour is an indication of the different applicability of starch-based ... -
Agroecology and resilience of smallholder food security: a systematic review
(2023)Multiple covariate shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia–Ukraine conflict, and pre-existing climate shocks pose serious threats to smallholder livelihoods. The cascading effects of these multiple shocks, including rising prices of fertilizers and food imports, have rekindled interest in the call for a policy shift toward agroecology. Agroecology in this study is defined as a set of practices based on ecological principles of diversity, synergy, and nutrient cycling of agroecosystems, ... -
Research agenda for holistically assessing agricultural strategies for human micronutrient deficiencies in east and southern Africa
(2024-10-01)Context Human micronutrient deficiencies in sub-Saharan Africa are connected through complex pathways to soils and how soils are managed. Interventions aiming directly at nutrient consumption, such as supplements and food fortification, have direct impacts but are often limited in their reach and require continuous support. In contrast, less direct changes, such as agricultural diversification and agronomic biofortification, are complicated by a wide array of factors that can limit progress toward ... -
Use of time series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to monitor fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) damage on maize production systems in Africa
(2023-03-08)Fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), damage was monitored at a regional scale using time series data in Western and Southern African countries. The study employed the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) computed from Landsat 8 imagery using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) using image composites for the years 2013 to 2020 for the study areas. The index was then reclassified based on the NDVI threshold values into low, sparse, moderate, and dense classes. FAW prevalence ... -
Registration of provitamin A-enriched tropical maize inbred lines
(2024)Vitamin A deficiency and its associated disorders are pervasive in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including many middle- and low-income countries across the world. Provitamin A-enriched maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines with desirable agronomic and adaptive traits have been developed and used to generate and commercialize maize varieties with medium to high levels of provitamin A in a few countries to curb vitamin A deficiency. Nonetheless, these inbred lines have not been made widely available to the ... -
The importance of the light spectrum in a high-throughput phenotyping lab concept: evaluating transpiration and biomass growth of different banana cultivars under different blue/red light ratios
(2020)The Bioversity International Musa Germplasm Transit Center holds the world's biggest collection of banana biodiversity (>1500 accessions). We aim to characterize this banana diversity for its suitability for specific agro-ecological conditions. To achieve this characterization, a lab-based model is needed to rapidly and objectively determine growth. Identifying a suitable light source that can help mimic relevant agro-ecological conditions is a challenge. LED lights are the most economical way to ... -
Overcoming the fertility crisis in bananas (Musa spp.).
(Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2021) -
Genetic diversity and population structure in banana (Musa spp.) breeding germplasm
(2024)Bananas (Musa spp.) are one of the most highly consumed fruits globally, grown in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. We evaluated 856 Musa accessions from the breeding programs of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture of Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda; the National Agricultural Research Organization of Uganda; the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa); and the National Research Centre for Banana of India. Accessions from the in vitro gene bank at the International ... -
Farm typology for targeting fertilizer advisory – digital green and fertilizer Ethiopia use cases
(International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2024-05)The EiA Initiative is organized around Use Cases located in the Global South, including Cambodia, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Peru, the Philippines, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia and Zimbabwe (CGIAR, 2023). The lessons learned on each Use Case will provide evidence to develop lessons at global application. Each Use Case has been working on the co-creation of Minimum Viable Products (MVP) ... -
DArTseq-based genome-wide SNP markers reveal limited genetic diversity and highly structured population in assembled West African cowpea germplasm
(2024-03)The potential of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L] Walp) to contribute to food security and livelihood sustenance of sub-Sahara Africans is constantly threatened by many biotic and abiotic stresses that are aggravated by climate change. To address these threats, cowpea breeding programs in the subregion prioritize climate-resilience traits and resistance to biotic stresses. However, before successful trait discovery and implementation, it is essential to characterize diversity and population structure ... -
Phenotypic diversity within Ugandan yam (Dioscorea species) germplasm collection
(2022-12-19)A proper understanding of the diversity of the available germplasm is an initial step for the genetic improvement of a crop through breeding. However, there is limited information on the diversity of Uganda’s yam germplasm. The study sought to characterize the diversity of yam germplasm utilized for decades in Uganda together with germplasm recently introduced from West Africa using phenotypic traits. A germplasm collection of 291 genotypes was characterized using 28 phenotypic traits. Data were ... -
Population structure and genetic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using DArTseq-Derived Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
(2023-07-19)Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of rice is crucial for breeding programs, conservation efforts, and the development of sustainable agricultural practices. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 94 rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes from the Democratic Republic of Congo using a set of 8389 high-quality DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) of the markers was 0.25. ... -
New technologies provide innovative opportunities to enhance understanding of major virus diseases threatening global food security
(2023-09)Plant viruses pose a continuous and serious threat to crop production worldwide, and globalization and climate change are exacerbating the establishment and rapid spread of new viruses. Simultaneously, developments in genome sequencing technology, nucleic acid amplification methods, and epidemiological modeling are providing plant health specialists with unprecedented opportunities to confront these major threats to the food security and livelihoods of millions of resource-constrained smallholders. ... -
Developpement agricole, genre et securite alimentaire: une analyse comparative des menages ruraux dans les zones montagneuses du territoire de Kalehe (RDC) et du district de Rusizi (Rwanda)
(University of Liege, 2023-07)Dans la région des grands lacs africains, et plus particulièrement dans les milieux ruraux de la RDC et du Rwanda, le secteur agricole joue un rôle prédominant dans l’économie locale et constitue le principal moyen de subsistance des ménages. Ce dernier, évalué en termes de capital financier, humain, matériel, naturel et du capital social favorise le développement agricole des ménages. Malheureusement, dans les zones rurales de la RDC et du Rwanda, mobiliser ces différentes formes de capital pour ... -
Developpement d'une farine infantile a forte valeur nutritionnelle pour les enfants de 6 A 12 mois valorisant la biodiversite locale
(Universite Nationale d'Agriculture, 2022)Les aliments de complément pour les enfants de 6 à 12 mois sont importés ou manufacturés localement. Au Mali, on observe une faible production locale alors que le pays dispose de diverses ressources endogènes. L’objectif de cette étude est de contribuer à la réduction de la prévalence des carences en micronutriments chez les nourrissons du deuxième âge (enfants de 6 à 12 mois), par la valorisation de la biodiversité locale au Mali. Les caractéristiques nutritionnelles du maïs, de l’arachide, du ... -
Assessing milk products quality, safety, and influencing factors along the dairy value chain in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
(2023-11-01)Dairying is one of the new promising economic sectors in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), but still not explored enough to ensure consumers' safety. This study aimed to assess the health risks and nutritional profile of milk products along the value chain in South-Kivu and Tanganyika provinces. A total of 288 milk actors, including 160 producers, 35 collectors and 93 vendors, were concerned for interview and milk samples collection. A total of 302 milk samples (159 raw, 44 pasteurized, ... -
Molecular and phenotypic profiling of white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) breeding lines
(2023-11)Phenotypic and genotypic profiling helps identify genotypes with suitable and complementary traits for genetic improvement in crops. A total of 32 traits were assessed in 36 genotypes of white Guinea yam established in a 6 × 6 triple lattice design. The objective was to evaluate an array of plant traits that define the genetic merits of breeding lines for yam improvement. Different analytical tools were used to identify and prioritize relevant traits defining the genetic merits of breeding lines ... -
IITA-Gender responsive breeding training report
(International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2022-09)On September 21st, 2022, scientists from various African countries specializing in plant breeding for cassava, yam, cowpea, maize, soybean, and plantain were welcomed to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in Ibadan for a three-day training on Gender Responsive Breeding. The primary goal of this training was to highlight the significance of gender and social inclusion in plant breeding research. The training provided an introduction on the definition and the application of ...
